mRNA疫苗及其在动物传染病中的研究展望

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.07.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于信使RNA （messenger RNA，mRNA）的核酸疫苗是近年来兴起的一种新型疫苗技术。与传统疫苗相比，mRNA疫苗具有免疫原性强、安全性好、研发周期短、易于大规模生产等特点。过去的几年中，狂犬病、流感等传染病的多种mRNA疫苗进入了临床试验，并展现出良好的应用前景；在新冠肺炎疫情期间，mRNA疫苗的成功应用进一步验证了该平台，同时也开启了mRNA疫苗在传染病预防特别是兽医领域应用的闸门。本文将从mRNA疫苗的类型和结构、递送系统、作用机制以及临床应用等几个方面进行详细综述，以期为mRNA疫苗在传染病领域的深入研发和应用提供借鉴。

关键词: mRNA疫苗, 递送系统, 免疫反应, 传染性疾病, 人畜共患病

Abstract: Nucleic acid vaccines based on messenger RNA (mRNA) are a new technology that has emerged in recent years. Compared with traditional vaccines, mRNA vaccines are characterized by strong immunogenicity, good safety, fast development cycle and easy large-scale production. In the past few years, kinds of mRNA vaccines for rabies and influenza and other applications, have entered clinical trials and shown good application prospects. The recent successful application of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 further validates this platform. It also opens the floodgates to the application of mRNA vaccines for infectious disease prevention, particularly in veterinary medicine. In this paper, mRNA vaccine research, functional structures, delivery systems, the mechanism of action, and clinical applications, are reviewed in detail to provide references for research and development of mRNA vaccines in the field of animal disease prevention and control.

Key words: mRNA vaccine, delivery system, immune response, infectious diseases, zoonotic diseases

中图分类号:

S852.4

陈鑫, 秦彤. mRNA疫苗及其在动物传染病中的研究展望[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(7): 2732-2742.

CHEN Xin, QIN Tong. mRNA Vaccine and Its Research Prospect in Zoonotic Diseases[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(7): 2732-2742.

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