牛体外胚胎冷冻保存的研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.02.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 体外胚胎冷冻保存技术是胚胎移植技术的重要组成部分，在辅助生殖技术中发挥重要作用，同时对种质资源保存、加强遗传改良和促进优质种源国际交流等方面具有重要意义。然而，体外胚胎冷冻过程中存在脂质含量过高、活性氧水平升高及机械损伤等问题，导致体外胚胎冷冻效率低，这极大地限制了体外胚胎冷冻保存技术的广泛应用。大量研究表明，通过去脂质、优化体外胚胎培养液、人工塌陷囊胚腔和优化冷冻程序等手段，可以有效提高冷冻后胚胎的存活率和发育能力。因此，本文概述了体外胚胎冷冻保存技术的研究进展和胚胎冷冻过程中存在的问题，总结了提高体外胚胎冷冻效率的方法措施，旨在为提高体外胚胎冷冻保存效率提供一定参考。

关键词: 牛, 体外胚胎, 冷冻保存, 冷冻效率

Abstract: In vitro embryo cryopreservation technology is an important part of embryo transfer technology, which plays an important role in assisted reproduction technology, and it is also important for germplasm resource conservation, enhancing genetic improvement and promoting international circulation of high-quality germplasm. However, the high lipid content, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species and mechanical damage in in vitro embryo cryopreservation lead to low efficiency of in vitro embryo cryopreservation, which greatly limits the wide application of in vitro embryo cryopreservation technology. Numerous studies have shown that the survival rate and developmental capacity of frozen embryos can be effectively improved by means of lipid removal, optimization of in vitro embryo culture medium, artificial collapse of blastocyst cavities and optimization of freezing procedures. Therefore, this paper outlines the research progress of in vitro embryo cryopreservation technology and the problems in cryopreservation process, and summarizes the methods that can improve the efficiency of in vitro embryo cryopreservation, aiming to provide the reference for improving the efficiency of in vitro embryo cryopreservation.

Key words: cattle, in vitro embryo, cryopreservation, freezing efficiency

中图分类号:

S823.3

冯肖艺, 徐茜, 张航, 杨柏高, 张培培, 郝海生, 杜卫华, 朱化彬, 崔凯, 赵学明. 牛体外胚胎冷冻保存的研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(2): 451-462.

FENG Xiaoyi, XU Xi, ZHANG Hang, YANG Baigao, ZHANG Peipei, HAO Haisheng, DU Weihua, ZHU Huabin, CUI Kai, ZHAO Xueming. Advances in Cryopreservation of Bovine Embryo in vitro[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(2): 451-462.

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