自由采食法和排空强饲法评定鸡玉米及高粱有效能值的比较研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.11.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在使用自由采食法（FF）和排空强饲法（TF）测定不同来源玉米和高粱原料的鸡表观代谢能（AME）及真代谢能（TME），以比较两种评定方法对鸡有效能值的影响。试验共分3期开展，每期试验选取健康体成熟的海兰褐壳公鸡共108只，根据体重均匀原则将96只公鸡分为FF法组和TF法组，每个方法下设12个饲粮处理，每个饲粮处理4只鸡，其中FF法每2只鸡为1个重复，TF法每1只鸡为1个重复；12个饲粮处理包括6种来源的玉米饲粮、玉米-豆粕基础饲粮和5种来源的高粱饲粮，收集全部排泄物以测定饲粮及饲料原料的表观代谢能和真代谢能，每期取与试验组体重相近的5只公鸡测定内源损失。结果表明：1）使用FF法评定6种玉米的AME范围为15.82~16.23 MJ·kg^-1 DM （P<0.05，CV=0.98%），TME范围为15.95~16.36 MJ·kg^-1DM （P<0.05，CV=0.99%）；5种高粱的AME范围在13.43~15.37 MJ·kg^-1 DM （P<0.05，CV=5.16%），TME范围为13.59~15.48 MJ·kg^-1 DM （P<0.05，CV=5.10%）；2）使用TF法评定6种玉米的AME范围为14.35~15.01 MJ·kg^-1 DM （P<0.05，CV=1.66%），TME范围为16.00~16.64 MJ·kg^-1 DM （P<0.05，CV=1.45%）；5种高粱的AME范围为12.51~14.87 MJ·kg^-1 DM （P<0.05，CV=6.74%），TME范围为14.08~16.45 MJ·kg^-1 DM （P<0.05，CV=6.04%）；3） FF法测定的6种玉米AME值比TF法测值高9.42%（P<0.05），但TME在两种方法间差异不显著；FF法测定的5种高粱AME比TF法测值高5.65%（P<0.05），而TF测定的TME比FF法测定值高4.82%（P<0.05）。由此得出，不同来源玉米和高粱原料的鸡有效能值存在明显差异，自由采食法和排空强饲法会影响鸡玉米和高粱有效能值的测定。

关键词: 自由采食法, 排空强饲法, 玉米, 高粱, 有效能

Abstract: The goal of this experiment was to determine the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and true metabolizable energy (TME) of chicken from various corn and sorghum sources using the free feeding method (FF) and tube feeding method (TF), and to compare the effects of the two evaluation methods on chicken available energy. The experiment was conducted in 3 phases. A total of 108 healthy mature Hyland brown shell roosters were chosen, with 96 roosters divided into FF and TF groups based on the principle of uniform body weight. Each method consisted of 12 dietary treatments, with four chickens treated with one diet, with a replicate of two chickens designed in the FF method group and a replicate of one chicken designed in the TF method group. The 12 dietary treatments included 6 sources of corn diet, corn-soybean meal basal diet, and 5 sources of sorghum diet. All excreta were collected to determine the AME and TME of diets and ingredients. Another 5 roosters weighing similar to the test group were selected to determine the endogenous loss. The results were showed as follows:1) The AME values range of 6 kinds of corn determinated by the FF method was 15.82~16.23 MJ·kg^-1 DM (P<0.05, CV=0.98%), and the TME values range was 15.95~16.36 MJ·kg^-1 DM (P<0.05, CV=0.99%). The AME values of 5 sorghums ranged from 13.43~15.37 MJ·kg^-1 DM (P<0.05, CV=5.16%), and the TME values ranged from 13.59~15.48 MJ·kg^-1 DM (P<0.05, CV=5.10%). 2) The AME values range of 6 kinds of corn assessed by the TF method was 14.35~15.01 MJ·kg^-1 DM (P<0.05, CV=1.66%), The TME values range was 16.00~16.64 MJ·kg^-1 DM (P<0.05, CV=1.45%). The AME values range of 5 sorghums was 12.51~14.87 MJ·kg^-1 DM (P<0.05, CV=6.74%), and the TME values ranged from 14.08 to 16.45 MJ·kg^-1 DM (P<0.05, CV=6.04%). 3) The AME values of the 6 corn measured by the FF method were 9.42% higher than the values measured by the TF method (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in TME value determinated by FF on TF method. The AME values of the 5 sorghum measured by the FF method were 5.65% higher than the values measured by the TF method (P<0.05), while the TME values determined by the TF method were 4.82% higher than that measured by FF (P<0.05). It can be concluded that there are significant differences in the available energy values of chickens from different sources of corn and sorghum, and methodology will influence the determination of the available energy value of corn and sorghum fed to chickens.

Key words: free feeding method, tube feeding method, corn, sorghum, available energy

中图分类号:

李凯, 赵于庆, 钟儒清, 刘蕾, 严鸿林, 周建川, 陈亮, 张宏福. 自由采食法和排空强饲法评定鸡玉米及高粱有效能值的比较研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2022, 53(11): 3907-3916.

LI Kai, ZHAO Yuqing, ZHONG Ruqing, LIU Lei, YAN Honglin, ZHOU Jianchuan, CHEN Liang, ZHANG Hongfu. Comparative Study on Evaluation of the Available Energy of Corn and Sorghum of Chicken by Free Feeding Method and Tube Feeding Method[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(11): 3907-3916.

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