藏猪对饲粮纤维的消化及其与肠道微生物的相关性研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.09.022

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (9): 3063-3078.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.09.022

藏猪对饲粮纤维的消化及其与肠道微生物的相关性研究

谭占坤¹, 商振达¹, 褚瑰燕², 蔡传江², 朱彦宾³, 邓文⁴, 强巴央宗¹, 刘锁珠^1*

1. 西藏农牧学院动物科学学院西藏高原饲料加工工程研究中心西藏高原生态草牧业协同创新中心, 林芝 860000;
2. 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院, 杨凌 712100;
3. 西藏自治区农牧科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 拉萨 850000;
4. 西藏藏牧合创农牧科技有限公司, 林芝 860000

收稿日期:2022-02-22 出版日期:2022-09-23 发布日期:2022-09-23
通讯作者: 刘锁珠,主要从事动物营养机理与饲料资源开发研究,E-mail:L-szh@163.com
作者简介:谭占坤(1986-),男,四川武胜人,副教授,博士,主要从事高原动物营养与饲料资源开发利用研究,E-mail:tanzhankun@xza.edu.cn
基金资助:
西藏农牧学院与西北农林科技大学联合基金（2452020043）；西藏自治区重点研发计划（XZ202001ZY0039N）；西藏自治区自然科学基金（XZ202001ZR0024G）；2022中央支持地方高校改革发展专项资金项目（KY2022ZY-01）；2022年度西藏农牧学院研究生创新计划项目（YJS2022-20）

Study on Dietary Fibre Digestion and Its Correlation with Intestinal Microbiome of Tibetan Pigs

TAN Zhankun¹, SHANG Zhenda¹, CHU Guiyan², CAI Chuanjiang², ZHU Yanbin³, DENG Wen⁴, QIANGBA Yangzong¹, LIU Suozhu^1*

1. Collaborative Innovation Centre of Ecological Grassland Animal Husbandry in Tibet Plateau, Tibetan Plateau Feed Processing Engineering Research Centre, College of Animal Science, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China;
2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
3. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850000, China;
4. Tibet Tibet-Animal Husbandry He Chuang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Limited Company, Linzhi 860000, China

Received:2022-02-22 Online:2022-09-23 Published:2022-09-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在研究藏猪对饲粮纤维素和半纤维素的消化及其与粪便细菌的相关性，探索藏猪具备较强纤维降解能力的潜在因素。采用消化试验测定150 d放牧藏猪、舍饲藏猪和商品猪（杜×长×大猪，DLY猪）对饲粮纤维的表观消化率。采集粪便样品利用单分子实时测序技术，测定粪便细菌16S rRNA基因全长序列，分析粪便细菌群落的结构和多样性，采用Spearman相关分析获取饲粮纤维表观消化率与粪便中细菌群落的相关性。结果表明，放牧藏猪对饲粮纤维素和半纤维素的表观消化率显著高于舍饲藏猪与DLY猪（P<0.05）。在放牧藏猪、舍饲藏猪与DLY猪粪便细菌中共鉴定出15个门、26个纲、48个目、87个科、190个属、419个种。放牧藏猪粪便细菌中有1个门纤维杆菌门（Fibrobacteres）、3个属拟普雷沃菌属（Alloprevotella）、纤维杆菌属（Fibrobacter）与琥珀酸弧菌属（Succinivibrio）、3个种（Alloprevotella rava、Fibrobacter intestinalis、Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens）相对丰度显著高于舍饲藏猪与DLY猪（P<0.05），并与饲粮纤维表观消化率呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。综上所述，放牧藏猪具备较强的纤维消化能力，这种能力与粪便中的纤维降解菌密切相关。

关键词: 藏猪, 纤维消化能力, 细菌, 相关性

Abstract: With the aim of exploring the potential factors of strong fibre degradation ability for Tibetan pigs, this experiment was conducted to study the digestion of dietary cellulose and hemicellulose and their correlation with the faecal bacteria of Tibetan pigs. The apparent digestibility of dietary fibre to grazing Tibetan pigs, captive Tibetan pigs and commercial pigs[Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire (DLY) pigs] at 150 days of age was determined by digestion test. Faecal samples were collected, and the full-length sequence of the 16S rRNA gene of faecal bacteria was determined by single molecule real-time sequencing technology. The structure and diversity of faecal bacterial community were analysed. Spearman correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between apparent digestibility of dietary fibre and faecal bacterial community. Results showed that the apparent digestibility of dietary cellulose and hemicellulose of grazing Tibetan pigs was significantly higher than that of captive Tibetan pigs and DLY pigs (P<0.05). A total of 15 phyla, 26 classes, 48 orders, 87 families, 190 genera and 419 species of bacteria were identified from faeces of grazing Tibetan pigs, captive Tibetan pigs and DLY pigs. Furthermore, there were 1 phylum (Fibrobacteres), 3 genera (Alloprevotella, Fibrobacter, and Succinivibrio) and 3 species (Alloprevotella rava, Fibrobacter intestinalis, and Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens) which relative abundance in grazing Tibetan pigs were significantly higher than those of captive Tibetan pigs and DLY pigs (P<0.05), which were significantly positively correlated with apparent digestibility of dietary fibre (P<0.05). In conclusion, grazing Tibetan pigs have strong ability of fibre digestion, which was closely related to the fibre-degrading bacteria in faeces.

Key words: Tibetan pigs, ability of fibre digestion, bacteria, correlation

中图分类号:

谭占坤, 商振达, 褚瑰燕, 蔡传江, 朱彦宾, 邓文, 强巴央宗, 刘锁珠. 藏猪对饲粮纤维的消化及其与肠道微生物的相关性研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2022, 53(9): 3063-3078.

TAN Zhankun, SHANG Zhenda, CHU Guiyan, CAI Chuanjiang, ZHU Yanbin, DENG Wen, QIANGBA Yangzong, LIU Suozhu. Study on Dietary Fibre Digestion and Its Correlation with Intestinal Microbiome of Tibetan Pigs[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(9): 3063-3078.

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藏猪对饲粮纤维的消化及其与肠道微生物的相关性研究

Study on Dietary Fibre Digestion and Its Correlation with Intestinal Microbiome of Tibetan Pigs

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