以减毒沙门菌为载体的SS和CST双表达DNA疫苗经不同途径免疫犊牛的效果评价

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.06.025

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在探讨SS和CST双表达DNA疫苗(以下简称双表达DNA疫苗)经不同途径免疫犊牛的效果。本研究选择27头2~6月龄的奶水牛犊牛，随机分成4组，前3组分别采用口服(O组)、喷鼻(N组)、口服+喷鼻(ON组)的方式接种双表达疫苗，剂量均为3×10⁷ CFU·mL^-1，对照组(C)使用PBS进行口服+喷鼻免疫，并于2周后加强免疫一次。结果表明，3种免疫方式均可诱导犊牛产生SS抗体和CST抗体；初免后2周，N和ON组阳性率最高，均为85.71%；6周时，各组阳性率均下降，O和N组的抗体水平也逐渐下降，但ON组的抗体水平升高；10周时，ON组阳性率下降到14.29%，O和N组均检测不到抗体。从增重来看，2周时，ON组的平均日增重显著高于O、N和C组(P＜0.05)，在整个试验周期(0~10周)，与C组相比，O、N和ON组的增重分别提高了5.26%、10.53%、15.79%；初免后10周，ON组的胸围、腿臀围均显著高于C组(P＜0.05)。血清中生长相关激素检测结果表明，各组GH、IGF-1、T₃的含量，ON＞N＞O＞C组；其中，2周时，O、N和ON组IGF-1的浓度显著高于C组(P＜0.05)；6周时，ON组T₃和T₄的浓度均显著高于O和C组(P＜0.05)。细胞因子检测结果表明，3种免疫方式都能激发机体产生体液免疫和细胞免疫应答，6周时，ON组INF-γ的含量显著高于C组(P＜0.05)，其余各组之间差异不显著(P＞0.05)。血生化指标检测结果表明，各组之间，犊牛血清中总蛋白、葡萄糖、游离脂肪酸和尿素氮的含量差异不显著(P＞0.05)。综上所述，口服、喷鼻和口服+喷鼻3种方式免疫犊牛均可产生良好的效果，尤其以口服+喷鼻联合免疫效果最佳。

关键词: 免疫途径, 犊牛, 生长抑素, 皮质抑素, DNA疫苗

Abstract: To investigate the effect of double-expression DNA vaccine of SS and CST (hereinafter referred to as double-expression DNA vaccine) immunized calves through different routes, 27 dairy buffalo calves aged 2-6 months were randomly divided into four groups. The first three groups were orally (group O), nasally (group N), and orally plus nasally (group ON) vaccinated with dual-expression DNA vaccine at a dose of 3×10⁷ CFU·mL^-1, respectively. The control group (C) was orally plus nasally immunized with PBS, and boosted immunization once after 2 weeks. The results showed that all three immunization methods could induce calves to produce antibody of SS and CST. After 2 weeks of primary immunization, the positive rates in N and ON groups were the highest, both at 85.71%. At the 6^th week, the positive rates in each group decreased, the levels of antibody also decreased in O and N groups, but the levels of antibody increased in ON group. At the 10^th week, the positive rates in ON group decreased to 14.29%, and no antibodies were detected in the O and N groups. With respect to weight gain, at the 2^nd week, the average daily gain in the ON group was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that in the O, N, and C groups. During the entire experimental period (0-10 weeks), compared with the C group, the O, N and ON groups were respectively increased by 5.26%, 10.53%, and 15.79%. After 10 weeks of primary immunization, the chest girth and leg-hip circumference in the ON group were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those in the C group. Hormone measurement results showed that the concentration of GH, IGF-1, and T₃ in each group were as ON>N>O>C group. The IGF-1 concentration of O, N and ON group was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of C group at the 2^nd week. At the 6^th week, the concentrations of T₃ and T₄ in the ON group were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those in the O and C groups. The cytokine test results showed that the three immune methods could stimulate the body to produce humoral and cellular immunity. At the 6^th week, the concentration of INF-γ in the ON group was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that in the C group, and there was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the other groups. The detection of blood biochemical indexes showed that there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the contents of total protein, glucose, non-esterified fatty and urea nitrogen in the serum of calves between the groups. In summary, oral, nasal and oral plus nasal could induce good immune effect in calves, especially oral + nasal spray combined immunization had the best effect.

Key words: immunization route, calf, somatostatin, cortistatin, DNA vaccine

中图分类号:

S852.21

袁婧, 张欣欣, 周迪, 杨帅, 周家彦, 梁爱心, 杨利国. 以减毒沙门菌为载体的SS和CST双表达DNA疫苗经不同途径免疫犊牛的效果评价[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2022, 53(6): 1914-1924.

YUAN Jing, ZHANG Xinxin, ZHOU Di, YANG Shuai, ZHOU Jiayan, LIANG Aixin, YANG Liguo. Evaluation of the Effect of SS and CST Dual-expression DNA Vaccines with Attenuated Salmonella as Carrier in Immunizing Calves through Different Routes[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(6): 1914-1924.

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