畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 88-99.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.01.009

• 遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

胎儿期与成年期蒙古马骨骼肌肌纤维类型转化研究

丁文淇1, 图格琴1, 任秀娟1, 陶克涛1, 拉希玛1, 贾紫洁1, 安塔娜1, 铁木齐尔·阿尔滕齐米克1, 韩海格1, 陶娜拉2, 芒来1*, 白东义1*   

  1. 1. 内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院, 内蒙古自治区马遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室, 农业农村部马属动物遗传育种繁殖科学观测实验站, 内蒙古农业大学马属动物研究中心, 呼和浩特 010018;
    2. 锡林郭勒盟镶黄旗农牧和科技局, 镶黄旗 013250
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-29 出版日期:2022-01-23 发布日期:2022-01-26
  • 通讯作者: 芒来,主要从事马属动物遗传育种与繁殖研究,E-mail:dmanglai@163.com;白东义,主要从事马属动物遗传育种与繁殖研究,E-mail:baidongyi1983@163.com
  • 作者简介:丁文淇(1997-),男,内蒙古赤峰人,硕士生,主要从事动物遗传育种研究,E-mail:2510060080@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31960657;31961143025);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(ZD20190039);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2019MS03064);内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院标志性成果专项资金项目(BZCG202115)

Study on Muscle Fiber Type Transformation of Mongolian Horse during Fetal and Adult Period

DING Wenqi1, BAO Tugeqin1, REN Xiujuan1, MONGKE Togtokh1, LA Xima1, JIA Zijie1, AN Tana1, TIEMUQIER Aertengqimike1, HAN Haige1, TAO Nala2, DUGARJAVIIN Manglai1*, BAI Dongyi1*   

  1. 1. Equine Research Center, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;
    2. Xilingol Leagne Xianghuangqi Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Science and Technology Bureau, Xianghuangqi 013250, China
  • Received:2021-04-29 Online:2022-01-23 Published:2022-01-26

摘要: 为探索影响蒙古马胎儿期和成年期肌纤维类型差异机理。本研究选取3匹4月龄胎儿(两母一公)与3匹5岁健康成年母马身体4块分布全身、具有代表性的肌肉组织(长臂三头肌、夹肌、背最长肌、臀中肌)作为一个整体。胎儿期蒙古马肌纤维和成年期蒙古马肌纤维因存在差异各做为一组,试验进行3个生物学重复。首先对蒙古马骨骼肌肌肉样品进行免疫组化染色观察,接下来对骨骼肌样品进行RNA-seq,构建胎儿期和成年期蒙古马不同时期肌纤维mRNA的表达谱。筛选差异表达基因,进行GO和KEGG功能富集分析。组织学结果显示,胎儿期快肌纤维占比显著高于成年期,RNA-seq筛选可能影响肌纤维类型转化的候选基因,比较胎儿期和成年期蒙古马影响肌纤维类型的基因表达谱。共筛出250个差异表达基因,在成年期上调的基因有27个,包括TNNT1、MYOZ2、ATP2A2等,在胎儿期上调的基因17个,包括MYL1、TNNT3、ENO3等。其中ATP2A2和TNNT1主要与快、慢肌纤维类型转化有关,这些差异表达基因还与骨骼肌生长、发育密切相关。结果表明,胎儿期蒙古马快肌纤维比例显著高于成年期蒙古马。ATP2A2、MYOZ2等基因主要表达在成年期蒙古马肌纤维,ENO3、TNNI2等基因主要表达在胎儿期蒙古马肌纤维。钙信号和AMPK信号通路与肌纤维类型转化有关。本试验结果对于研究蒙古马肌纤维类型转化具有重要意义。

关键词: 蒙古马, 转录组, 肌纤维类型

Abstract: The study aimed to explore the mechanism of muscle fiber type difference between fetal and adult Mongolian horses. In this study, three 4-month-old fetuses (two females and one male) and three 5-year-old healthy adult female horses were selected as a whole with 4 body-distributed and representative muscle tissues (triceps brachii, splenius, longissimus dorsi and gluteus medius). Fetal Mongolian horse muscle fiber was one group, and adult Mongolian horse muscle fiber was one group, the experiment carried out 3 biological repetitions.Firstly, the skeletal muscle samples of Mongolian horses were observed by immunohistochemical staining. Then, the skeletal muscle samples were subjected to RNA-seq to construct the mRNA expression profiles of skeletal muscle fibers in different periods of fetal and adult Mongolian horses. Differentially expressed genes were screened for GO and KEGG functional enrichment analysis. Histological results showed that the proportion of fast muscle fibers in the fetal period was significantly higher than that in the adult period. RNA-seq was used to screen candidate genes that might affect the transformation related to muscle fiber types. The gene expression profiles related to muscle fiber types in fetal and adult Mongolian horses were compared. A total of 250 differentially expressed genes were screened out. There were 27 up-regulated genes in adulthood, including TNNT1, MYOZ2 and ATP2A2, and 17 up-regulated genes in the fetal period, including MYL1, TNNT3 and ENO3. ATP2A2 and TNNT1 were mainly related to fast and slow muscle fiber type transformation, and these differentially expressed genes were also closely related to skeletal muscle growth and development. The results showed that the proportion of fast muscle fibers in fetal Mongolian horses was significantly higher than that in adult Mongolian horses. ATP2A2, MYOZ2 were mainly expressed in muscle fibers of adult Mongolian horse, ENO3, TNNI2 were mainly expressed in muscle fibers of fetal Mongolian horse. Calcium and AMPK signaling pathways are related to muscle fiber type conversion.The results of this experiment are of great significance to the study of Mongolian horse muscle fiber type transformation.

Key words: Mongolian horse, transcriptome, muscle fiber type

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