牛至精油对甘肃高山细毛羊肌肉脂肪酸组成及共轭亚油酸含量的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2019.06.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在研究饲粮中添加牛至精油对甘肃高山细毛羊肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响。本试验筛选30只健康状况良好、体况相近的60日龄甘肃高山细毛羊，随机分为3组，每组10只，分别为对照组，添加2和4 g·d^-1牛至精油组（Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组）。饲喂3个月后每组随机屠宰6只，屠宰后取背最长肌和半腱肌测定脂肪酸组成和共轭亚油酸（CLA）含量。结果表明：1）Ⅰ组母羊和Ⅱ组公羊血液高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）浓度显著低于对照组母羊（P<0.05），其他血液生化参数无显著性差异。2）各部位肌肉脂肪酸以油酸（C18：1n9c）和棕榈酸（C16：0）为主；背最长肌中，对照组母羊MUFA、UFA含量显著高于该组公羊（P<0.05），而n-6PUFA含量显著低于该组公羊（P<0.05），Ⅰ组公羊SFA含量显著高于Ⅱ组公羊（P<0.05）；Ⅱ组公羊MUFA含量显著高于该组母羊及对照组、Ⅰ组公羊（P<0.05），Ⅱ组母羊PUFA含量显著高于该组公羊及对照组、Ⅰ组母羊（P<0.05），Ⅰ组公羊UFA含量显著低于Ⅱ组公羊（P<0.05）；半腱肌中，对照组公羊PUFA、n-6PUFA及n-3PUFA含量显著高于该组母羊（P<0.05），Ⅱ组公羊MUFA含量显著高于对照组及Ⅰ组公羊（P<0.05），Ⅰ组公羊n-6/n-3含量显著高于该组母羊（P<0.05）。3）各部位肌肉c9t11-CLA含量均为母羊高于公羊，且Ⅰ组母羊c9t11-CLA含量显著高于该组公羊（P<0.05）；Ⅱ组公羊和母羊背最长肌c9t11-CLA含量分别显著高于对照组公羊和母羊（P<0.05），与Ⅰ组无显著性差异（P>0.05）。综上所述，甘肃高山细毛羊肌肉脂肪酸组成因动物性别、组织部位、添加剂添加量不同而存在差异；日粮中添加牛至精油可提高其肌肉CLA含量，且4 g·d^-1添加量效果优于2 g·d^-1。

关键词: 牛至精油, 甘肃高山细毛羊, 脂肪酸, 共轭亚油酸

Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of oregano essential oil on the fatty acid composition in muscles of Gansu Alpine Fine-wool sheep. Thirty 60-day-old healthy Gansu Alpine Fine-wool sheep with the similar body condition were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups:control group, adding 2 and 4 g·d^-1 oregano essential oil groups (group I and group Ⅱ). There were 10 sheep per group. Six sheep in each group were slaughtered randomly after 3 month, the samples of longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle and semitendinosus (SE) muscle were collected, and the fatty acid composition and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content were measured. The results showed that:1) The concentration of blood HDL-C of ewes in group I and rams in group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that of ewes in control group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in other blood biochemical parameters (P>0.05) among the 3 groups. 2) Oleic acid (C18:1n9c) and palmitic acid (C16:0) were the main fatty acids in muscle of different parts. In LD muscle, the content of MUFA and UFA of the ewes in control group were significantly higher than that of rams in control group(P<0.05), while the content of n-6PUFA of ewes in control group was significantly lower than that of rams in control group (P<0.05), the SFA content of rams in group I was significantly higher than that of rams in group Ⅱ(P<0.05); The content of MUFA of rams in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of ewes in groupⅡ, the rams in control group and group I(P<0.05); The content of PUFA of ewes in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of rams in group Ⅱ, ewes in control group and group I(P<0.05), the UFA content of rams in group I was significantly lower than that of rams in group Ⅱ(P<0.05). In SE muscle, the contents of PUFA, n-6PUFA and n-3PUFA of rams in control group were significantly higher than that of ewes in control group (P<0.05), the MUFA content of rams in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of rams in control group and group I(P<0.05), n-6/n-3 content of rams in group I was significantly higher than that of ewes in group I (P<0.05). 3) The content of c9t11-CLA in muscles of ewes was higher than that of rams in the 3 groups, and the content of c9t11-CLA of ewes in group I was significantly higher than that of rams in group I (P<0.05); The c9t11-CLA content in LD muscle of rams and ewes in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between group I and group Ⅱ (P>0.05). In summary, the fatty acids composition in muscle of Gansu Alpine Fine-wool sheep are different with animal sex, tissue location and additive dosage, adding oregano essential oil in diet can increase CLA content in muscle, and the supplementation effect of 4 g·d^-1is better than 2 g·d^-1.

Key words: oregano oil, Gansu Alpine Fine-wool sheep, fatty acid, conjugated linoleic acid

中图分类号:

S826.4

梁婷玉, 刘婷, 宫旭胤, 吴建平, 张瑞, 高良霜. 牛至精油对甘肃高山细毛羊肌肉脂肪酸组成及共轭亚油酸含量的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(6): 1208-1218.

LIANG Tingyü, LIU Ting, GONG Xuyin, WU Jianping, ZHANG Rui, GAO Liangshuang. Effects of Oregano Essential Oil on Fatty Acid Composition and Conjugated Linoleic Acid Content in Muscle of Gansu Alpine Fine-wool Sheep[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2019, 50(6): 1208-1218.

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