奶牛育种中关注的新性状

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2021.010.001

Abstract

Abstract: After the establishment of breeding goals for dairy cattle in various countries, the breeding goals have been continuously developed, and the composition, definition and weight of traits in the selection index are constantly changing. The selection and breeding of dairy cows started with the focus on milk production performance, and then conformation traits were added. By the end of 20^th century, the focus of selection had moved away from being purely production oriented toward a more balanced breeding goal, and some important functional traits were considered. This shift occurred partly due to increase of health and fertility issues and partly due to welfare concerns. After entering the 21^st century, with the development of society and dairy industry, breeders have pay attention to novel traits, and some have begun to be used in breeding practice. The literatures on novel traits in dairy cattle breeding in the past decade and useful information from the breeding program in various countries are collected in this review. And the novel traits which are being studied and/or have been applied in dairy breeding in dairy developed countries are presented. In this review, the novel traits were summarized as 5 categories, including that related to production efficiency, coping with environmental challenges, improving cattle health and welfare, products and milk processing characteristics, and workability. The background, definition, genetic architecture and genetic selection strategies for these novel traits were introduced in this review. Finally, the workflow of research and application for novel traits in dairy breeding was summarized. This review can provide a reference for the study in dairy breeding and help improve breeding objectives in Chinese dairy population.

Key words: dairy cattle, genetic selection, novel trait, breeding goal

CLC Number:

S813.1

ZHANG Hailiang, CHANG Yao, LOU Wenqi, WANG Kai, CHEN Ziwei, MI Siyuan, WEN Wan, WANG Yachun. A Review on Novel Traits in Dairy Cattle Breeding[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(10): 2687-2697.

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A Review on Novel Traits in Dairy Cattle Breeding

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