莱芜猪和杜长大猪盲肠和结肠微生物菌群结构组成和功能分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.12.014

Abstract

Abstract: This research aimed to study the differences in structural composition, function of caecum and colon bacterial microbiota between Laiwu pigs and Duroc×Landrace×Duroc (DLY) crossbred pigs in order to enrich the understanding of the characteristics, including fat deposition, roughage tolerance and strong stress resistance of Laiwu pigs from the pespective of gut microbiota. In this study, 12 Laiwu pigs and 6 DLY pigs were used as experimental individuals. Bacterial V3-V4 region sequences of their caecum and colon were determined by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. The composition, abundance, diversity and predicted biological function of the bacterial microbiota were analyzed. Bacteria which affected the characteristics of Laiwu pigs were identified through abundance comparison analysis between Laiwu and DLY pigs, discriminant analysis of species differences in LEfSe, and the correlation analysis between the bacterial genera and backfat thickness and serum biochemical parameters. The results showed that: 1) There were significant differences in backfat thickness, serum total protein, triglyceride, glucose and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol between Laiwu and DLY pigs (P<0.05). 2) Laiwu pigs have different bacterial diversity and relative abundance of cecal and colonic microbiota from DLY pigs. The cecal Simpson index of Laiwu pigs was significantly higher than that of DLY pigs (P<0.05). The relative abundance of Firmicutes of the caecum in Laiwu pigs was significantly lower than that of DLY pigs (69.16% vs. 89.59%, P<0.05). 3) The abundances of some bacterial genera of the caecum and colon were significantly correlated with backfat thickness and serum biochemical parameters (P<0.05). In addition, caecum had more bacterial genera related to these indicators and higher correlation coefficients than colon, indicating that bacterial microbiota of caecum may play a greater role in pig phenotype than those of colon. 4) Methanobrevibacter, Fusobacterium, Escherichia_Shigella, [Ruminococcus]_gnavus_group and Bacteroides were related to the fat deposition, roughage tolerance and strong stress resistance of Laiwu pigs, and may be the bacterial genera that affecting the characteristics of Laiwu pigs. This study systematically described the characteristics of caecum and colon bacterial microbiota of Laiwu and DLY pigs. The results not only extend understanding of the characteristics of Laiwu pigs from the perspective of intestinal microbiota, but also lay a foundation for the development and utilization of intestinal microbial resources of local pigs.

Key words: Laiwu pigs, 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing, bacterial microbiota, caecum, colon

CLC Number:

LI Chao, ZHAO Xueyan, WANG Yongjun, WANG Yanping, REN Yifan, LI Jingxuan, WANG Huaizhong, WANG Jiying, SONG Qinye. Analysis on the Structural Composition and Function of Bacterial Microbiota of Caecum and Colon in Laiwu and DLY pigs[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(12): 5033-5045.

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Analysis on the Structural Composition and Function of Bacterial Microbiota of Caecum and Colon in Laiwu and DLY pigs

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