利用50K芯片解析和田羊和策勒黑羊的遗传规律

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.04.006

Abstract

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in genetic patterns between Hetian and Qira Black sheep, to screen superior genes and their molecular markers, and to promote the development and utilization of genetic resources of sheep breeds in southern Xinjiang. In this study, 84 healthy, adult Hetian ewes and 41 Qira Black sheep were selected, respectively, and ear tissues were collected and put into 75% alcohol. DNA was extracted based on phenol-chloroform method, and Illumina Ovine SNP50 was prepared by electrophoresis and nucleic acid instrumentation. For genomic data, quality control was performed with Plink1.07, and quality control criteria: exclusion of SNPs with detection rate less than 90%, minimum allele frequency (MAF)<5%, and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium P<1×10^-6. PCA populations of both breeds were classified, and HapFLK analysis was performed to take the SNPs corresponding to the top 1% of P values, and after sheep genome Oar_v4.0 annotation of genes, the GO and KEGG analyses were performed on the candidate genes. The results showed that: 1) Hetian sheep and Qira Black sheep differed in genetic structure after different degrees of selection and breeding, but they were not highly differentiated compared with the Tibetan sheep population. 2) A total of 167 candidate genes were obtained, and based on the differences in production performance between Hetian sheep and Qira Black sheep, the genetic patterns of the two breeds were resolved at the genomic level, and genes related to sheep wool growth were found to be KRT82 and KRT84, etc., wool color-related genes KIT, etc., growth and development-related genes AMHR2, SP1, OARDACVR1B, ADIPOQ, etc., and environmental adaptation-related genes PDGFRA, ADIPOQ, etc. Genome-level differences between Hetian and Qira Black sheep in different production traits were resolved by genomic selective sweeping, and it was found that the two breeds differed in wool quality traits, coat color, and tail type, while the differences in reproduction-related traits were small. In conclusion, the sheep genome microarrays was used to compare the differences in genetic structure of Hetian and Qira Black sheep and to search for the related superior genes, which would provide reference for the conservation of sheep germplasm resources and molecular selection and breeding in Southern Xinjiang region.

Key words: 50K chip, genetic pattern, selection signal

CLC Number:

S826.2

ZHANG Chenglong, ZHENG Langman, LIU Chunjie, GAO Qinghua, LIU Shudong. Analysis of Genetic Law of Hetian and Qira Black Sheep Using Illumina Ovine SNP50 Chip[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(4): 1051-1063.

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Analysis of Genetic Law of Hetian and Qira Black Sheep Using Illumina Ovine SNP50 Chip

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