细胞焦亡及其在角膜炎疾病中的作用机制研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.03.011

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (3): 1089-1099.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.03.011

细胞焦亡及其在角膜炎疾病中的作用机制研究进展

王志浩¹^,²(), 郭龙¹^,², 王培莉³, 李建基¹^,², 王亨¹^,²^,*()

1. 扬州大学兽医学院, 江苏省动物重要疫病与人兽共患病防控协同创新中心, 扬州 225009
2. 江苏高校动物重要疫病和重要人兽共患病防控技术国际合作联合实验室, 农业与农产品安全教育部国际联合研究实验室, 扬州 225009
3. 南京中医药大学第三临床医学院, 南京 210028

收稿日期:2024-04-16 出版日期:2025-03-23 发布日期:2025-04-02
通讯作者: 王亨 E-mail:wzh781531011@163.com;sdaulellow@163.com
作者简介:王志浩(1996-)，男，山东无棣人，博士生，主要从事宿主与病原互作研究，E-mail: wzh781531011@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFD1801100)；江苏省研究生培养创新工程资助项目(KYCX21_3273)；扬州大学卓越本科课程建设工程项目资助(2022ZYKCC-33)；扬州大学“青蓝工程”资助；江苏省333高层次人才培养工程资助项目；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目；江苏高校品牌专业建设工程资助项目；江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究面上项目(22KJB230006)

Progress of Pyroptosis and Its Mechanism of Action in the Keratitis Disease

WANG Zhihao¹^,²(), GUO Long¹^,², WANG Peili³, LI Jianji¹^,², WANG Heng¹^,²^,*()

1. Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
2. Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou 225009, China
3. The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China

Received:2024-04-16 Online:2025-03-23 Published:2025-04-02
Contact: WANG Heng E-mail:wzh781531011@163.com;sdaulellow@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

角膜炎是由于角膜防御能力降低，外界病原体或自身疾病等因素侵袭角膜组织所引发的炎症反应。细胞焦亡是一种与炎症相关的程序性细胞死亡方式，其在细胞膜上形成的孔道，可允许多种炎性介质的外排，介导炎症反应。有研究显示，角膜炎与焦亡的发生相关，抑制焦亡的发生可改善角膜炎的症状，是临床治疗的新方向。本文从细胞焦亡的定义及形态学变化、焦亡的发生机制、焦亡在角膜炎中的作用、常见焦亡抑制剂在眼科疾病中应用四个方面进行回顾和总结，以期推动焦亡在角膜炎疾病防控中的研究进程。

关键词: 细胞焦亡, 角膜炎, 防控, 炎症反应

Abstract:

Keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea caused by external pathogens or diseases, due to a reduction in the corneal defense ability. Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death related to inflammation. The pores formed on the cell membrane can allow the efflux of various inflammatory substances and mediate the inflammatory response. Studies have shown that keratitis is related to the occurrence of pyroptosis. Inhibiting the occurrence of pyroptosis can improve the clinical symptoms of the disease, which is a new direction for clinical treatment. This article reviews and summarizes the definition and morphological changes of pyroptosis, the mechanism of pyroptosis, the role of pyroptosis in keratitis, and the application of common pyroptosis inhibitors in ophthalmic diseases, to promote the research process of pyroptosis in keratitis.

Key words: pyroptosis, keratitis, prevention and control, inflammation

中图分类号:

S845

王志浩, 郭龙, 王培莉, 李建基, 王亨. 细胞焦亡及其在角膜炎疾病中的作用机制研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(3): 1089-1099.

WANG Zhihao, GUO Long, WANG Peili, LI Jianji, WANG Heng. Progress of Pyroptosis and Its Mechanism of Action in the Keratitis Disease[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(3): 1089-1099.

图/表 1

表 1

不同细胞程序性死亡的特点[13]"

项目 Item	焦亡 Pyroptosis	凋亡 Apoptosis	坏死 Necrosis	铁死亡 Ferroptosis	NETs的形成过程 NETosis	自噬 Autophagy
激活信号 Activate signal	DAMP和PAMP、dsDNA、病原体、LPS、炭疽致死毒素、微生物毒素和代谢产物、病毒RNA、ROS、细胞外ATP、溶酶体损伤、细胞膜对钾离子的渗透性等	DNA损伤、缺氧、病毒感染、毒素	缺血再灌注、物理或化学创伤、病毒或细菌感染	半胱氨酸或谷氨酰胺摄取减少，铁摄取增加，GPX4抑制	细菌成分、真菌β-葡聚糖、细胞因子	mTOR抑制剂，海藻糖，依托泊苷、十字孢碱、毒胡萝卜素处理
启动信号 Start signal	炎症小体的激活(例如，NLRP3、NLRC4、AIM2、pyrin等)/DR与TAK1结合/GzmA或GzmB激活/中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶/组织蛋白酶G	死亡受体(TNF超家族)激活(外源性)/细胞内信号(内源性)	依赖于半胱天蛋白酶-8抑制的死亡受体激活(TNFR1、CD95、TRAIL-R1、TRAIL-R2、TLR3、TLR4、ZBP1)	xCT系统抑制，GSH耗竭	中性粒细胞表面受体的激活，如GPCR、TNF和Fc受体(中性粒细胞活化)	ULK复合体(由ATG101、ATG13、FIP200组成)和ATG9
调节信号 Adjust signal	NEK7	Caspase-8(外源性)/caspase-9 (内源性)	RIPK1-RIPK	GPX4抑制，FSP1抑制，CoQ₁₀减少，铁代谢相关蛋白，	PAD4、NE和MPO丝氨酸蛋白酶的联合作用	PtdIns3K复合物、ATG2Atg18/WIPI复合物、ATG12偶联系统、Atg8/微管相关蛋白1轻链3(LC3)偶联系统
执行蛋白 Execute protein	Caspase-1, caspase-4/5/11, caspase-3/8, gasdermin家族	Caspase-3/7	MLKL寡聚化，易位到质膜内叶	铁依赖性脂质过氧化	NETs失调, GSDMD	自噬体，自噬溶酶体
形态变化 Morphological changes	细胞外吐大泡	呈葡萄串状	细胞膨大、变形	-	-	产生空泡
质膜破裂 Rupture of plasma membrane	是	否(细胞膜完整)	是	是	是	否
细胞肿胀 Cell swelling	是	否(细胞皱缩)	是	否	是	否
核膜完整 Intact nuclear membrane	是	否	否	是	否	-
DNA断裂 DNA crack	是	是	是	否	否	-
染色质聚集 Chromatin aggregation	是	是	是	否	否	-
线粒体损伤 Mitochondrion damage	是(肿胀)	是	是(线粒体外膜破裂，线粒体嵴减少或消失，线粒体膜固缩)	是(膜密度、线粒体嵴减少或消失、线粒体外膜破裂)	是(肿胀)	是
细胞裂解死亡 Cell lysis and death	是	否	是	是	是	-
炎症 Inflammation	是	否	是	是	是	部分有

表 1

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细胞焦亡及其在角膜炎疾病中的作用机制研究进展

Progress of Pyroptosis and Its Mechanism of Action in the Keratitis Disease

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