五种特色乳中活性蛋白及活性肽的生物活性功能研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.08.007

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (8): 3331-3343.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.08.007

五种特色乳中活性蛋白及活性肽的生物活性功能研究进展

李新科¹^,²^,³(), 高亚男¹^,², 王加启¹^,², 郑楠¹^,²^,*()

1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所农业农村部奶及奶制品质量安全控制重点实验室, 北京 100193
2. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所农业农村部奶产品质量安全风险评估实验室(北京), 北京 100193
3. 青岛农业大学, 青岛 266109

收稿日期:2023-09-22 出版日期:2024-08-23 发布日期:2024-08-28
通讯作者: 郑楠 E-mail:lixinke6233@163.com;zhengnan@caas.cn
作者简介:李新科(2000-)，男，湖南衡山人，硕士生，主要从事牛奶营养品质研究, E-mail: lixinke6233@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1600104);国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1600101);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS12)

Research Advances in the Biological Activities of Active Proteins and Peptides in Five Specialty Milk

Xinke LI¹^,²^,³(), Yanan GAO¹^,², Jiaqi WANG¹^,², Nan ZHENG¹^,²^,*()

1. Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
2. Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Beijing), Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
3. Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China

Received:2023-09-22 Online:2024-08-23 Published:2024-08-28
Contact: Nan ZHENG E-mail:lixinke6233@163.com;zhengnan@caas.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

乳制品作为人类重要的食品之一，其中所含的活性蛋白及活性肽引起了广泛关注。本综述对五种特色乳(山羊、绵羊、驴、骆驼和牦牛)中的活性蛋白及活性肽在调节免疫功能、抗氧化、抗菌以及抗肿瘤等方面的生物活性功能进行了总结。在此基础上，结合相关研究，对其在疾病预防和保健促进方面的潜在应用进行了前瞻性展望。本综述将有助于更全面地理解特色乳中活性蛋白及活性肽的功能机制，为未来相关研究提供有益参考。

关键词: 特色乳, 活性蛋白, 活性肽, 生物活性

Abstract:

Dairy products, as one of the essential human foods, have attracted widespread attention due to the presence of active proteins and peptides. This review summarizes the bioactive functions of active proteins and peptides in five types of specialized milk (goat, sheep, donkey, camel and yak), including their roles in regulating immune function, antioxidation, antimicrobial activity, and anti-tumor effects. Furthermore, based on relevant studies, the current review provides a prospective outlook on their potential applications in disease prevention and health promotion. This review contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the functional mechanisms of active proteins and peptides in specialized milk, offering valuable references for future research.

Key words: specialty milk, bioactive proteins, bioactive peptides, bioactive function

中图分类号:

TS252.1

李新科, 高亚男, 王加启, 郑楠. 五种特色乳中活性蛋白及活性肽的生物活性功能研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(8): 3331-3343.

Xinke LI, Yanan GAO, Jiaqi WANG, Nan ZHENG. Research Advances in the Biological Activities of Active Proteins and Peptides in Five Specialty Milk[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(8): 3331-3343.

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蛋白质 Protein	乳源 Milk sources
蛋白质 Protein	人乳^[21] Human milk	山羊乳^[21] Goat milk	绵羊乳^[21] Sheep milk	驴乳^[21] Donkey milk	骆驼乳^[21] Camel milk	牦牛乳^[21] Yak milk
酪蛋白 Casein	2.4~4.2	23.3~46.3	41.8~46.0	6.4~10.3	22.1~26.0	34.3~45.8
α_s1-酪蛋白 α_s1-Casein	0.8	0~13.0	15.4~22.1	0.2~1.0	5.0	9.3~13.1
α_s2-酪蛋白 α_s2-Casein	N.D	2.3~11.6	——	0.2	2.2	3.6~6.5
β-酪蛋白 β-Casein	3.9	0~29.6	15.6~17.6	3.9	12.8	15.0~20.6
κ-酪蛋白 κ-Casein	0.1	2.8~13.4	3.2~4.3	N.D	0.8	4.9~8.5
乳清蛋白 Whey protein	6.2~8.3	3.7~7.0	10.2~11.0	4.9~8.0	5.9~8.1	6.3
α-乳白蛋白 α-Lactalbumin	1.9~3.4	0.7~2.3	1~1.9	1.9	0.8~3.5	0.2~1.7
β-乳球蛋白 β-Lactoglobulin	N.D	1.5~5.0	6.5~8.5	3.3	N.D	3.4~10.1
血清白蛋白 Serum albumin	0.4~0.5	1.1	0.4~0.6	0.4	7~11.9	0.3
乳铁蛋白 Lactoferrin	1.5~2.0	0.02~0.2	0.8	0.02~7.3	0.4~3.3	0.6~1.0
免疫球蛋白 Immunoglobulin	1.0~1.3	0.2~0.5	0.7	0.7~2.2	1.5~19.6	—
溶菌酶 Lysozyme	0.1~0.9	250×10^-6	100×10^-6	1.00~1.43	680×10^-6	—
酪蛋白/乳清 Casein/whey	0.4~0.5	3.5	3.1	1.3	2.7~3.2	4.5

活性蛋白/肽 Active proteins/peptides	功能活性 Functional activity	文献 References
αs1-酪蛋白 α_s1-Casein β-酪蛋白 β-Casein	抗高血压活性抑制血管紧张素转换酶的活性和抗氧化活性	[48] [46]
溶菌酶 Lysozyme	抗炎活性抗肿瘤活性降低腹泻的发生率抗菌活性	[49] [50] [51] [52]
乳铁蛋白 Lactoferrin	抗菌活性抗肿瘤活性抑制血栓形成	[53] [48] [54]
乳过氧化物酶 Lactoperoxidase	抗氧化剂活性抗菌活性	[55] [53]
α-乳白蛋白 α-Lactalbumin	降血糖活性抗高血压活性	[56] [54]
β-乳球蛋白 β-Lactoglobulin	抗高血压活性	[54]

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五种特色乳中活性蛋白及活性肽的生物活性功能研究进展

Research Advances in the Biological Activities of Active Proteins and Peptides in Five Specialty Milk

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