线粒体自噬调节NLRP3炎症小体活性改善动物健康的作用机制

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.04.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 线粒体在氧化磷酸化过程中会产生少量的活性氧(ROS)，而当线粒体应激时，线粒体去极化、ROS产生增加造成线粒体损伤，导致线粒体活性氧(mtROS)的表达水平增高；ROS作为激活NLRP3的重要介质，促进NLRP3炎症小体的组装及激活，引发动物机体如乳腺炎、子宫内膜炎和神经退行性疾病等多种疾病。作为一种选择性自噬，线粒体自噬发挥其生物学功能的机制是通过清除受损和多余线粒体，调节NLRP3炎症小体的活性，维持细胞正常生理功能。本文基于线粒体自噬调节NLRP3炎症小体对动物机体健康的影响进行综述，以期深入了解线粒体自噬在NLRP3炎症小体引发的相关疾病中的影响，为动物机体健康提供新的防治靶点。

关键词: 自噬, 线粒体, 炎症, 动物, 机体健康

Abstract: Mitochondria will produce few amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the process of oxidative phosphorylation. While mitochondria are stressed, mitochondrial depolarization and ROS production increase, causing either mitochondrial damage or an increase in the expression level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS). ROS, as an important medium for activating NLRP3, promotes the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes, and triggers a variety of diseases in animal bodies, such as mastitis, endometritis, neurodegenerative diseases, etc. Mitochondrial autophagy, as a selective autophagy process, regulates the activity of NLRP3 inflammasomes by clearing damaged and excess mitochondria, and maintains normal physiological functions of cells. This article reviews the effects and mechanisms of mitochondrial autophagy regulating NLRP3 inflammasomes on animal health, in order to gain a deeper understanding of the impact of mitochondrial autophagy on NLRP3 inflammasome-related diseases and provide new prevention and treatment targets for animal health.

Key words: autophagy, mitochondria, inflammation, animals, body health

中图分类号:

李菲菲, 张晨淼, 童津津, 蒋林树. 线粒体自噬调节NLRP3炎症小体活性改善动物健康的作用机制[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(4): 1446-1455.

LI Feifei, ZHANG Chenmiao, TONG Jinjin, JIANG Linshu. Research Progress on the Mechanism of Mitochondrial Autophagy Regulating the Activity of NLRP3 Inflammatory Corpuscles to Improve Animal Health[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(4): 1446-1455.

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