沙门菌噬菌体SP3的生物学特性及基因组分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.12.032

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在分离沙门菌烈性噬菌体,为细菌病的防控提供新型生物制剂。以沙门菌为宿主分离筛选烈性噬菌体,并对其生物学特性和基因组进行研究。结果显示:分离筛选到一株烈性噬菌体,命名为沙门菌噬菌体SP3,头部呈多面体,直径为70 nm,具有收缩性的尾巴,长约130 nm;SP3是一株宽谱噬菌体,可以裂解3个血清型共8株沙门菌;最佳感染复数为0.000 1,潜伏期为40 min,爆发期为40~160 min;SP3在≤50 ℃,pH为4~11时稳定。噬菌体SP3基因组全长88 039 bp,GC含量为38.85%,含有22个tRNA,130个ORF,其中32个编码功能已知的蛋白,不携带耐药、毒力和溶原有关基因;SP3与同属于Ounavirinae亚目、Felixounavirus属的大肠杆菌噬菌体和沙门菌噬菌体亲缘关系很近,且基因组存在重排现象。噬菌体SP3环境适应性强,遗传背景清楚,以期成为沙门菌防控的抗生素替代品。

关键词: 沙门菌, 噬菌体, 生物学特性, 基因组

Abstract: This study aimed to isolate virulent Salmonella phages and provide a new biological agent for the prevention and control of bacterial diseases. The phage with Salmonella as host was isolated, and then we investigated the biological characteristics and genome features. The result showed that a virulent phage named SP3 was isolated, which charactered with a regular polyhedron head with approximately 70 nm in diameter and a long contractile tail with 130 nm in length. SP3 was a broad-spectrum phage that can lysate a total of 8 Salmonella strains in 3 serotypes. In addition, the optimal MOI of SP3 was 0.000 1, the incubation period was 40 min, and the outbreak period was 40-160 min. We also found that SP3 is stable under the pH ranges of 4 to 11 and temperatures ≤50 ℃, respectively. The full length of phage SP3 genome was 88 039 bp, the GC content was 38.85%, and it contained 22 tRNAs and 130 ORFs, 32 of which encoded proteins with known functions, but did not carry genes related to drug resistance, virulence and lysogen. SP3 was closely related to E. coli phage and Salmonella phage, both of which belonged to Ounavirinae subfamily and Felixounavirus genus, and genomic rearrangements were also detected. The phage SP3 has strong adaptability to the environment and clear genetic background, which is expected to become an antibiotic substitute for Salmonella prevention and control.

Key words: Salmonella, phage, biological characteristics, genome

中图分类号:

Q939.48

韩生义, 李玲霞, 李淑萍, 胡国元, 李生庆. 沙门菌噬菌体SP3的生物学特性及基因组分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(12): 5228-5239.

HAN Shengyi, LI Lingxia, LI Shuping, HU Guoyuan, LI Shengqing. Biological Characteristics and Genome Analysis of Salmonella Phage SP3[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(12): 5228-5239.

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