叶酸补饲对隐性乳房炎奶牛免疫力及产奶性状相关基因表达的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2020.11.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在探究叶酸补饲对隐性乳房炎奶牛免疫及产奶相关性状的影响和相关分子机制，为隐性乳房炎奶牛补充叶酸奠定理论依据和实践基础。本试验基于北京郊区某牧场的中国荷斯坦奶牛群体，根据胎次、体重以及体细胞数（连续2个月SCC>500×10³个·mL^-1）选择29头泌乳牛作为研究对象，分为补饲组（n=18）和对照组（n=11）。连续14 d对补饲组进行包被叶酸（每天120 mg/500 kg）饲喂，对照组不做任何处理。对收集到的DHI数据（包括体细胞数、日产奶量等）进行分析。随后，每组随机挑选4个个体，采集分离血液白细胞提取RNA并进行转录组测序，通过DESeq2进行基因差异表达分析。运用KOBAS3.0-KEGG通路数据库对鉴别出的差异表达基因进行功能富集分析。结果发现，补饲包被叶酸后，奶牛的体细胞数显著降低（P<0.05），对产奶相关性状没有显著影响。转录组数据的分析结果揭示，补饲组与对照组有277个差异表达基因（P<0.05，log₂|Fold change|>1），包括105个显著上调的基因和172个显著下调的基因。这些基因主要富集在包括炎症反应、免疫反应、细胞因子生成调控、细胞分化、白细胞趋化和迁移、调节免疫系统过程等免疫相关的功能GO条目，以及先天免疫和细胞免疫应答相关的重要通路。综上，奶牛补饲叶酸对其免疫相关性状等有重要影响，且显著影响免疫相关通路的基因表达，为叶酸补饲的推广应用提供了一定的科学理论基础。

关键词: 中国荷斯坦奶牛, 叶酸补饲, 隐性乳房炎, 免疫相关性状, 产奶性状

Abstract: The study aimed to explore the effect and related molecular mechanisms of folic acid supplementation on the immunity and milking related traits of dairy cattle with subclinical mastitis, which would lay a foundation for folic acid supplementation of cows with subclinical mastitis. A total of 29 lactating cows were selected based on their parity, body weight and somatic cell count (SCC>500×10³ cells·mL^-1 for 2 consecutive months) from a Holstein cow population in a farm near Beijing, China. The 29 cows were randomly divided into feeding group (n=18) and control group (n=11). The 18 cattle in feeding group were fed with extra-coated folic acid (120 mg/500 kg per day) for two weeks, and no treatment in the control group. Then collected DHI data (including somatic cell count, daily milk yield, etc.) were analyzed. Subsequently, four individuals were randomly selected in each group to collect leukocytes, extract RNA and perform transcriptome sequencing. DESeq2 was used to perform differential expression gene analysis using RNA-Seq data. KOBAS3.0 pathway database was used for KEGG and GO functional analysis. Somatic cell counts (SCC) showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) after folic acid supplementation, however, no significant effect was observed on milking related traits. A total of 277 differentially expressed genes (P<0.05, log₂|Fold Change|>1) were detected in the comparison between the two groups, including 105 up-regulated and 172 down-regulated genes. GO analysis showed that these genes were mainly enriched in the immune-related functions terms， including inflammation, immune response, regulation of cytokine production, cell differentiation, leukocyte chemotaxis and migration, and regulation of immune system processes. In addition, KEGG pathway analysis revealed that these DEGs were involved in innate immunity and cellular immune response pathways. In conclusion, folic acid supplementation has an important impact on immune-related traits and expression level of genes related to immune pathways. The current research provides a foundation for the promotion and application of folic acid supplementation.

Key words: Chinese Holstein cows, folic acid supplementation, subclinical mastitis, immune-related traits, milking traits

中图分类号:

S823.91

刘雪琴, 王迪, 米思远, 张瑞强, 史良玉, 俞英. 叶酸补饲对隐性乳房炎奶牛免疫力及产奶性状相关基因表达的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2020, 51(11): 2731-2742.

LIU Xueqin, WANG Di, MI Siyuan, ZHANG Ruiqiang, SHI Liangyu, YU Ying. The Effect of Folic Acid Supplementation on the Expression of Genes Related to Immunity and Milking Traits in Subclinical Mastitis Cows[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(11): 2731-2742.

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