Abstract: To investigate the effects of Rhubarb injection on fibrinolytic system after vascular bypass surgery, twenty hybridization dogs were divided to four groups randomly, which were control， high dosage (0.8 g·kg^-1), middle dosage (0.4 g·kg^-1) and low dosage group (0.08 g·kg^-1). The common carotid artery was reconstructed with jugular vein from the same side. Administration of Rhubarb injection was intravenous transfusion through vena cephalica accessoria. Parameters of fibrinolytic system was detected by ELISA quantitative assay before operation, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 d postoperatively. Results were as follows: (1) Granule membrane protein 140, D-dimer，plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 was significantly reduced; (2) Tissue-type plasminogen activator was significantly increased; (3) Fibrinogen degradation products had no change. Results showed that Rhubarb injection could retrieve blood hypercoagulable state of fibrinolytic system, recovery activity of anticoagulation system and prevent thrombogenesis after vascular bypass surgery.