一款猫泌尿道处方罐功效评价及其尿液代谢组学分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.10.047

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在评价一款猫泌尿道处方罐在猫下泌尿道疾病(feline lower urinary tract disease，FLUTD)的辅助治疗作用。选取健康猫12只，随机分成泌尿道处方罐组(泌罐组)与对照组，每组6只，对照组饲喂全价成猫粮，泌罐组饲喂猫用泌尿道处方罐，试验期33 d。饲喂期间每日测定饮水量和判别情绪，在饲喂前后进行尿常规、尿沉渣及尿液Mg²⁺、C₂O₄^2-、PO₄^3-与Ca²⁺浓度测定，并将饲喂后尿液进行代谢组学分析。结果显示：泌罐组猫在饲喂期间累计总摄入水量高于对照组，积极情绪“content”较对照组提高5%，泌罐组猫在饲喂后尿沉渣中结晶、管型及尿路上皮细胞数量显著减少(P＜0.05)，并与对照组差异显著(P＜0.05)；泌罐组尿液悬浊样本中Mg²⁺、C₂O₄^2-、PO₄^3-与尿液Ca²⁺浓度在饲喂后显著下降(P＜0.05)，并与对照组相比存在显著差异(P＜0.05)。代谢组学共检测到5 767个代谢物，共有的差异代谢物为380个，显著富集在色氨酸代谢通路。研究表明，该款泌尿道处方罐抑制磷酸铵镁尿石及草酸钙尿石形成、减少尿液上皮细胞及管型，对猫情绪舒缓有积极作用，并显著影响了色氨酸5-羟色胺代谢通路，在调控猫应激、压力上有积极作用，具有辅助治疗FLUTD的临床应用价值。

关键词: 猫下泌尿道疾病, 尿石症, 处方食品, 功效评价, 尿液代谢组学

Abstract:

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a Urinary prescription canned food as an adjunctive treatment for feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD). A total of twelve healthy cats were randomly assigned to two groups: the Urinary prescription canned food group (referred to as the urinary group) and a control group, with each group consisting of six cats. Throughout the feeding period, daily water intake and emotional states of the cats were monitored. Urinalysis, urine sediment examination, and measurements of magnesium (Mg²⁺), oxalate (C₂O₄^2-), phosphate (PO₄^3-), and calcium (Ca²⁺) concentrations in urine were conducted both prior to and following the feeding regimen. Additionally, metabolomics analysis was performed on urine samples collected post-feeding. The urinary group demonstrated a higher cumulative water intake compared to the control group. Furthermore, there was a 5% increase in the proportion of positive emotional states, particularly "content", in the urinary group relative to the control group. Post-feeding analysis revealed a significant reduction in the urinary sediment of the urinary group, including crystalline substances, casts, and urethral epithelial cell counts (P<0.05), with significant differences when compared to the control group (P<0.05). The concentrations of Mg²⁺, C₂O₄^2-, PO₄^3-, and Ca²⁺ in the urine of the urinary group significantly decreased after feeding (P<0.05), again showing significant differences from the control group (P<0.05). Metabolomics analysis identified a total of 5 767 metabolites, with 381 differentially expressed metabolites that were significantly enriched in the tryptophan metabolism pathway. The findings of this study indicate that the Urinary prescription canned food effectively inhibits the formation of struvite and calcium oxalate uroliths, reduces the presence of urethral epithelial cells and casts in urine, and positively influences the emotional well-being of felines. Moreover, it significantly affects the tryptophan-serotonin metabolic pathway, thereby playing a beneficial role in the regulation of stress and anxiety in cats. This dietary intervention holds potential clinical significance in the adjunctive management of FLUTD.

Key words: feline lower urinary tract disease, urolithiasis, prescription food, efficacy evaluation, urine metabolomics

中图分类号:

S856.5

翁梓媛, 岑婷, 马也, 郑恩沛, 吴璇, 冷军, 王祖忠, 王媛媛, 叶子颖, 李敏虹, 胡长敏. 一款猫泌尿道处方罐功效评价及其尿液代谢组学分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(10): 5289-5301.

WENG Ziyuan, CEN Ting, MA Ye, ZHENG Enpei, WU Xuan, LENG Jun, WANG Zuzhong, WANG Yuanyuan, YE Ziying, LI Minhong, HU Changmin. Evaluation of Efficacy and Urine Metabolomics of a Prescription Cans for Feline Urinary Tract[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(10): 5289-5301.

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参考文献 23

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项目 Items	含量 Content
项目 Items	泌尿道处方罐	全价成猫粮
粗蛋白质 CP	10.36	29.49
粗灰分 Ash	1.70	9.10
粗纤维 ADF	1.00	4.10
粗脂肪 EE	4.30	13.60
水分 MC	78.60	6.70
钙 Ca	0.19	1.92
总磷 TP	0.18	1.34

项目 Items	饲喂前 Before feeding	饲喂后 After feeding
pH
参考范围 Reference range	5.5~7.0	5.5~7.0
泌罐组 Urinary group	6.17±0.26	6±0.55
对照组 Control	6.58±0.38	6.33±0.26
尿比重 USG
参考范围 Reference range	1.035~1.06 0	1.03 5~1.06 0
泌罐组 Urinary group	1.032 5±0.008 8	1.035 0±0.010 4
对照组 Control	1.022 5±0.006 1	1.025 0±0.005 4
上皮细胞 Epithelial cells
参考范围 Reference range	hpf 0~5	hpf 0~5
泌罐组 Urinary group	2.67±0.75	1.17±0.75^##**
对照组 Control	4.17±2.4	3.33±0.82
尿液管型 Urinary casts
参考范围 Reference range	lpf 0~1	lpf 0~1
泌罐组 Urinary group	1.00±0.63	0.17±0.41^#
对照组 Control	0.50±0.55	0.50±0.55
尿液结晶 Urinary crystals
参考范围 Reference range	lpf 0~1	lpf 0~1
泌罐组 Urinary group	7±9.74	0±0.00^#**
对照组 Control	10.67±12.85	23.83±35.02

项目 Items	样本类型 Sample type
	混匀样本 Mixed samples		上清样本 Supernatant samples		悬浊样本 Precipitated samples
	饲喂前	饲喂后	饲喂前	饲喂后	饲喂前	饲喂后
镁离子/(mmol·L^-1) Mg²⁺
泌罐组 Urinary group	1.27±0.32	1.19±0.46	0.67±0.27	0.73±0.31	1.54±0.35	0.81±0.22^##**
对照组 Control	1.19±0.20	0.97±0.16	0.67±0.29	0.57±0.10	1.70±0.42	1.54±0.35
草酸根离子/ (μmol·mL^-1) C₂O₄^2-
泌罐组 Urinary group	77.25±19.55	64.12±9.78	63.44±15.87	69.8±12.07	197.03±58.16	70.73±13.99^####***
对照组 Control	84.85±22.95	71.71±14.09	56.89±17.95	65.49±15.96	207.74±53.38	156.73±55.16
磷酸根离子log2值/ (μmol·mL^-1) PO₄^3-
泌罐组 Urinary group	6.24±0.38	6.09±0.25	6.11±0.49	5.81±0.53	7.63±0.62	5.73±0.33^####**
对照组 Control	6.26±0.44	6.08±0.53	6.27±0.38	5.72±0.69	7.57±0.90	7.10±0.59
钙离子/(mmol·L^-1) Ca²⁺
泌罐组 Urinary group	0.39±0.08	0.19±0.06^#*	—	—	—	—
对照组 Control	0.42±0.15	0.40±0.12	—	—	—	—