Abstract: Vaccination is one of effective ways in prevention and controlling the epidemic of HPAI in China. Many risk factors may affect the immune effect in chicken and bring risks to the immune prevention strategies. To identify those risk factors and assess the related risks, we have designed a risk assessment model of immune prevention of HPAI based on the principle of analytic hierarchy process. The analysis results from the model showed that ill management, nonstandard vaccination and laboratory surveillance are high risk factors. The results can provide scientific reference for making surveillance and control measures.