低蛋白日粮补充天冬氨酸对断奶至育肥阶段猪生长性能及肉品质性状的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.10.022

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (10): 3500-3510.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.10.022

低蛋白日粮补充天冬氨酸对断奶至育肥阶段猪生长性能及肉品质性状的影响

关鹏^1,2, 王晨昱^1,2, 胡鲜^1,2, 何流琴^1,2, 李建中^1*, 李铁军^2,3*

1. 湖南师范大学生命科学学院动物肠道功能湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410081;
2. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所动物营养生理与代谢过程湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410125;
3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2022-01-11 出版日期:2022-10-23 发布日期:2022-10-26
通讯作者: 李铁军,主要从事动物营养研究,E-mail:tjli@isa.ac.cn;李建中,主要从事动物生理学研究,E-mail:ljzhong@hunnu.edu.cn
作者简介:关鹏(1996-),男,河南驻马店人,硕士生,主要从事动物营养研究,E-mail:912095361@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（31902168；31872371）；广西重点研发计划（2021AB33022；桂科AB19259012）；湖南省“湖湘青年英才”计划项目（2020RC3052）；湖南省重点研发（2020NK2059；2022NK2023）；广西桂林市科技计划项目（2020010901）

Effects of Aspartic Acid Supplementation in Low-protein Diets on Growth Performance and Meat Quality Traits of Pigs from Weaning to Fattening

GUAN Peng^1,2, WANG Chenyu^1,2, HU Xian^1,2, HE Liuqin^1,2, LI Jianzhong^1*, LI Tiejun^2,3*

1. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China;
2. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2022-01-11 Online:2022-10-23 Published:2022-10-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在研究低蛋白日粮补充天冬氨酸对断奶至育肥阶段猪生长性能、血液生化指标和游离氨基酸、养分表观消化率以及肉品质性状的影响。选取20头45日龄，体重相近（（10.93±0.79） kg）的健康三元杂交（杜×长×大）断奶仔猪，随机分成两组，每组10个重复，每个重复1头猪，仔猪单栏饲养，试验期84 d。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型低蛋白基础日粮，试验组饲喂在基础日粮中添加0.5%天冬氨酸的试验饲粮。结果表明：1）添加天冬氨酸可显著提高猪断奶阶段平均日增重（P<0.05）并极显著降低料重比（P<0.01），但在育肥和生长阶段对生长性能无显著影响（P>0.05）；2）添加天冬氨酸可显著提高断奶阶段血清白蛋白水平和碱性磷酸酶活性（P<0.05），但对生长和育肥阶段血液生化指标均无显著影响（P>0.05）；3）添加天冬氨酸可显著降低断奶阶段血清中Pro、Met、Thr、Asp、His、Tyr含量（P<0.05）和提高Lys水平（P<0.01），生长阶段血清中Asp、Lys含量和育肥阶段Asp、Thr含量显著降低（P<0.05），对其他氨基酸含量无显著影响（P>0.05）；4）天冬氨酸处理可使育肥猪总能、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、粗纤维表观消化率极显著升高（P<0.01）；5）天冬氨酸处理可有效提高熟肉率（P<0.01）和背最长肌中MyHC1的mRNA表达水平（P<0.05）。综上可知，低蛋白日粮全程添加0.5%天冬氨酸可有效提高猪断奶阶段的生长性能，有利于促进其后期肌纤维的发育和改善其肉品质性状。

关键词: 天冬氨酸, 猪, 养分表观消化率, 肉品质性状

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aspartic acid supplementation in low-protein diets on growth performance, blood biochemical indexes and free amino acids, apparent digestibility of nutrients and meat quality traits in pigs from weaning to fattening. Twenty healthy three-way cross (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) weaned piglets at 45 days old with similar body weight ((10.93±0.79) kg) were selected and randomly divide into two groups with 10 replicates in each group, 1 pig per replicate, single piglet pen rearing. The experiment lasted for 84 days. The control group was fed with low-protein corn-soybean meal basal diet, and the test group was fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.5% aspartic acid. The results were showed as follows:1) The addition of aspartic acid significantly increased the average daily gain (P<0.05) and extremely significantly reduced the feed to gain ratio (P<0.01) of pigs at the weaning stage, but had no significant effect on the growth performance in the fattening and growth stages (P>0.05);2) The addition of aspartic acid significantly increased the serum ALB level and ALP activity in the weaning stage (P<0.05), but there was no significant effect on the blood biochemical indexes in the growth and fattening stages (P>0.05); 3) The addition of aspartic acid significantly reduced the content of Pro, Met, Thr, Asp, His, Tyr in the serum (P<0.05) and increased the level of Lys (P<0.01) at the weaning stage, the content of Asp and Lys in the serum during the growth stage and the content of Asp and Thr in the fattening stage were significantly reduced (P<0.05), while there were no significant effect on the content of other amino acids (P>0.05); 4) Aspartic acid treatment extremely significantly increased the apparent digestibility of total energy, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash and crude fiber of fattening pigs (P<0.01); 5) Aspartic acid treatment effectively increased the cooked meat rate of pigs (P<0.01) and the mRNA expression level of MyHC1 in the longissimus dorsi muscle (P<0.05). The above results showed that the addition of 0.5% aspartic acid to low-protein diets throughout the breeding process could effectively improve the growth performance of pigs at the weaning stage, and beneficially promote the development of muscle fibers in the later stage so as to improve meat quality traits.

Key words: aspartate, pigs, apparent nutrient digestibility, meat quality traits

中图分类号:

S828.5

关鹏, 王晨昱, 胡鲜, 何流琴, 李建中, 李铁军. 低蛋白日粮补充天冬氨酸对断奶至育肥阶段猪生长性能及肉品质性状的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2022, 53(10): 3500-3510.

GUAN Peng, WANG Chenyu, HU Xian, HE Liuqin, LI Jianzhong, LI Tiejun. Effects of Aspartic Acid Supplementation in Low-protein Diets on Growth Performance and Meat Quality Traits of Pigs from Weaning to Fattening[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(10): 3500-3510.

参考文献 23

[1]	LI P L, WU F, WANG Y M, et al.Combination of non-protein nitrogen and N-carbamylglutamate supplementation improves growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics in finishing pigs fed low protein diets[J].Anim Feed Sci Technol, 2021, 273:114753.
[2]	PI D A, LIU Y L, SHI H F, et al.Dietary supplementation of aspartate enhances intestinal integrity and energy status in weanling piglets after lipopolysaccharide challenge[J].J Nutr Biochem, 2014, 25(4):456-462.
[3]	孔祥峰, 印遇龙, 伍国耀.猪功能性氨基酸营养研究进展[J].动物营养学报, 2009, 21(1):1-7.KONG X F, YIN Y L, WU G Y.Research advances in functional amino acid nutrition of pigs[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2009, 21(1):1-7.(in Chinese)
[4]	LI Y Y, HAN H, YIN J, et al.D- and L-Aspartate regulates growth performance, inflammation and intestinal microbial community in young pigs[J].Food Funct, 2019, 10(2):1028-1037.
[5]	谭碧娥, 伍树松, 贺建华, 等.地方猪耐粗饲和肉质性状形成的微生物代谢机制[J].动物营养学报, 2020, 32(7):2941-2946.TAN B E, WU S S, HE J H, et al.Metabolic mechanism of coarse feeding tolerance and meat quality traits formation based on microbial metabolism in local pigs[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020, 32(7):2941-2946.(in Chinese)
[6]	石海峰.天冬氨酸对脂多糖刺激断奶仔猪肠道损伤的调控作用[D].武汉:武汉轻工大学, 2013.SHI H F.Regulatory effect of aspartic acid on intestinal injury in piglets after lipopolysaccharide challenge[D].Wuhan:Wuhan Polytechnic University, 2013.(in Chinese)
[7]	WU G Y, BAZER F W, DAVIS T A, et al.Important roles for the arginine family of amino acids in swine nutrition and production[J].Livest Sci, 2007, 112(1-2):8-22.
[8]	WU G Y, WU Z L, DAI Z L, et al.Dietary requirements of "nutritionally non-essential amino acids" by animals and humans[J].Amino Acids, 2013, 44(4):1107-1113.
[9]	段杰林.酸性氨基酸缓解过氧化氢介导仔猪肠道氧化损伤机制研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学, 2016.DUAN J L.Study on the mechanism of acidic amino acids alleviating hydrogen peroxide-mediated intestinal oxidative damage in piglets[D].Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2016.(in Chinese)
[10]	杨永岳, 武书庚, 王晶, 等.低蛋白质饲粮添加甘氨酸对肉仔鸡生长性能、胴体组成和血液生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报, 2016, 28(4):1068-1075.YANG Y Y, WU S G, WANG J, et al.Effects of glycine addition in low crude protein diets on growth performance, carcass composition and blood biochemical parameters of broilers[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2016, 28(4):1068-1075.(in Chinese)
[11]	何荣香, 吴媛媛, 韩延明, 等.复合有机酸对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、营养物质表观消化率的影响[J].动物营养学报, 2020, 32(7):3118-3126.HE R X, WU Y Y, HAN Y M, et al.Effects of compound organic acids on growth performance, serum biochemical indicators and nutrient apparent digestibility of weaning piglets[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020, 32(7):3118-3126.(in Chinese)
[12]	彭彰智.谷氨酸对断奶仔猪的营养及肠道神经系统的影响[D].南昌:南昌大学, 2012.PENG Z Z.The Effect of glutamate on weaned piglet nutrition and intestinal nervous system[D].Nanchang:Nanchang University, 2012.(in Chinese)
[13]	MORALES A, COTA S E M, IBARRA N O, et al.Effect of heat stress on the serum concentrations of free amino acids and some of their metabolites in growing pigs[J].J Anim Sci, 2016, 94(7):2835-2842.
[14]	栾玉静.不同赖氨酸水平下肉牛营养物质代谢及赖氨酸供应模式的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学, 2004.LUAN Y J.Study on nutrient metabolism and lysine requirement pattern of beef cattle with different lysine levels[D].Tai'an:Shandong Agricultural University, 2004.(in Chinese)
[15]	贾红敏, 韩冰, 刘向阳, 等.赖氨酸及其在鸡、猪营养上的研究进展[J].动物营养学报, 2020, 32(3):989-997.JIA H M, HAN B, LIU X Y, et al.Advances in lysine and its nutrition in chickens and pigs[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020, 32(3):989-997.(in Chinese)
[16]	焦福林, 贺东昌, 闫益波, 等.低蛋白氨基酸平衡日粮在断奶仔猪中的应用研究[J].畜禽业, 2020, 31(11):7-9.JIAO F L, HE D C, YAN Y B, et al.Research on the application of low protein -supplemented amino acids diet in weaned piglets[J].Livestock and Poultry Industry, 2020, 31(11):7-9.
[17]	胡琴, 朱建平, 刘春雪, 等.低蛋白日粮对育肥猪养分消化率和排泄量的影响[J].家畜生态学报, 2014, 35(3):74-77.HU Q, ZHU J P, LIU C X, et al.Effect of low protein diets on nutrient digestibility and excretion in finishing pigs[J].Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology, 2014, 35(3):74-77.(in Chinese)
[18]	YIN J, LIU M F, REN W K, et al.Effects of dietary supplementation with glutamate and aspartate on diquat-induced oxidative stress in piglets[J].PLoS One, 2015, 10(4):e0122893.
[19]	孙相俞.不同品种和营养水平对猪肌纤维类型和胴体肉质性状的影响[D].雅安:四川农业大学, 2009.SUN X Y.Effects of nutrition and breed levels on Myofibre types and pork meat quality in pigs[D].Ya'an:Sichuan Agricultural University, 2009.(in Chinese)
[20]	李长强, 陈强, 赖桦, 等.肌纤维类型转化与肉品质的关系[J].云南农业大学学报, 2006, 21(5):641-645.LI C Q, CHEN Q, LAI H, et al.The relationship between the type conversion of the muscle fiber and pork quality[J].Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University, 2006, 21(5):641-645.(in Chinese)
[21]	李斐, 杨万宗, 田黛君, 等.荞麦秸秆饲粮中添加甘露寡糖对滩羊生长性能、消化代谢、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报, 2021, 33(4):2126-2135.LI F, YANG W Z, TIAN D J, et al.Effects of buckwheat straw diet supplemented with Mannan oligosaccharides on growth performance, digestion and metabolism, slaughter performance and meat quality of Tan sheep[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021, 33(4):2126-2135.(in Chinese)
[22]	CANI P D, DELZENNE N M.Gut microflora as a target for energy and metabolic homeostasis[J].Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care, 2007, 10(6):729-734.
[23]	O'GRADY J, O'CONNOR E M, SHANAHAN F.Review article:Dietary fibre in the era of microbiome science[J].Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2019, 49(5):506-515.

低蛋白日粮补充天冬氨酸对断奶至育肥阶段猪生长性能及肉品质性状的影响

Effects of Aspartic Acid Supplementation in Low-protein Diets on Growth Performance and Meat Quality Traits of Pigs from Weaning to Fattening

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 23

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	牛乃琪, 赵润泽, 宗文成, 刘先策, 刘海, 石国华, 井西涛, 张龙超. 北京黑猪GREB1L和MIB1基因多态性与肋骨数及胴体性状的关联分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(1): 79-86.
[2]	祝雪丽, 张龙超, 王立贤, 蒲蕾, 刘欣. 北京黑猪AQP9和RPS10基因多态性及其与背膘厚的关联分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(1): 87-98.
[3]	时胜洁, 王立光, 高磊, 蔡传江, 何伟先, 褚瑰燕. miR-24-3p对猪颗粒细胞雌二醇合成的作用[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(1): 169-178.
[4]	陈姝宇, 朱雪蛟, 周金柱, 陶然, 张雪寒, 索朗斯珠, 贡嘎, 李彬. 鸟苷酸结合蛋白GBP1和GBP2抑制猪轮状病毒体外复制[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(1): 245-257.
[5]	宋雯妍, 张瀚文, 吴澳迪, 张丽燕, 刘照, 叶桐桐, 陈创夫, 盛金良. 猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒GP5蛋白纳米抗体的筛选及其对病毒复制的抑制效应[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(1): 258-270.
[6]	谢青云, 邢蕙萱, 于岩飞, 袁厅, 熊祺琰, 熊富强, 冯志新. 猪肺炎支原体解螺旋酶RuvA的原核表达、多克隆抗体制备及活性鉴定[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(1): 271-281.
[7]	白昀, 谢青云, 欧阳伟, 甘源, 袁厅, 赵东明, 步志高, 邵国青, 冯志新. 基于黏膜sIgA抗体的非洲猪瘟病毒感染早期血清学检测方法的建立[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(1): 300-310.
[8]	马亚军, 焦智慧, 刘笑凝, 陆翔羽, 刘涛, 王月, 朴晨曦, 王洪斌. 脂肪间充质干细胞对小型猪肝缺血再灌注合并肝切除组织细胞焦亡的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(1): 355-364.
[9]	刘传霞, 王晓, 李雪雯, 鲍苗菲, 李婷婷, 陈欣, 翁长江, 郑君. 非洲猪瘟病毒pE120R蛋白单克隆抗体的制备[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(1): 388-394.
[10]	周建浩, 王东方, 刘影, 王淑娟, 马震原, 谢彩华, 赵雪丽, 杨海波, 冯桂丹, 康台生, 胡煜锋, 李博文, 闫若潜. 猪流行性腹泻病毒微滴式数字PCR定量检测方法的建立及初步应用[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(1): 413-418.
[11]	袁巍, 毕欢, 张雨丹, 张依裕, 顾晓龙, 杨红文, 陈伟. 全基因组选择信号解析剑白香猪和从江香猪的遗传差异[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(9): 3631-3641.
[12]	陈莹, 钟儒清, 陈亮, 张宏福. 猪饲粮纤维的利用及其对养分消化的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(9): 3745-3757.
[13]	张兆博, 侯黎明, 李平华, 杜陶然, 王中宇, 吴承武, 黄瑞华. 基于血浆代谢组学筛选日粮纤维影响二花脸猪肉质性状的候选代谢物[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(9): 3758-3769.
[14]	郑先瑞, 卓明雪, 纪金丽, 蒋维虎, 邓在双, 张吉成, 田雅莉, 丁月云, 张晓东, 殷宗俊. 皖南黑猪不同生长阶段血清免疫指标及肠道菌群的特征分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(9): 3770-3783.
[15]	王志远, 刘博奇, 许志颖, 徐思佳, 邢家宝, 张桂红, 王衡, 孙彦阔. 2021—2022年我国部分地区猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒ORF5基因变异分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(9): 3812-3823.