紫锥菊通过调控TLR4-NF-κB通路增强免疫抑制鸡的免疫功能

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.07.032

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 紫锥菊是一种重要的免疫增强剂，常作为替抗药物用于饲料添加剂，但其作用机制有待进一步研究。本试验旨在研究紫锥菊对免疫抑制鸡免疫功能的影响及其机制。将120羽7日龄的雏鸡随机均分为：对照组、环磷酰胺组、紫锥菊组、紫锥菊+环磷酰胺组(联合组)。环磷酰胺组和联合组雏鸡连续3 d胸肌注射生理盐水配制的环磷酰胺溶液(80 mg·kg^-1)，同时对照组和紫锥菊组连续3 d注射等量生理盐水，除紫锥菊组和联合组每天饲喂含紫锥菊全草粉末(含量为1%)的基础日粮外，其余各组雏鸡饲喂基础日粮，每天称重并记录，连续饲喂21 d。试验结束时，分析体重及脾脏指数的变化，检测炎性因子(NF-κB、IκB、IL-2、IL-4、IL-6、TNF-α、IFN-γ)和TLR家族(TLR2、TLR4、TLR7、MyD88)基因mRNA及蛋白的表达含量。结果显示，紫锥菊处理提高了雏鸡的生长性能，环磷酰胺抑制了雏鸡的生长并显著降低了脾脏系数(P<0.05)，且环磷酰胺组脾组织病理变化明显，而在联合组中上述病理变化得到缓解。与对照组相比，环磷酰胺组的NF-κB、IL-2、IL-4、IL-6、IFN-γ、TLR2、TLR4、TLR7、MyD88的mRNA水平均显著下调(P<0.05、P<0.01或P<0.001)，而联合组相比于环磷酰胺组，除TLR7外，上述基因mRNA表达量均显著上调(P<0.05、P<0.01或P<0.001)。此外，紫锥菊的添加显著提高了炎性因子和TLR家族相关蛋白的表达水平。结果表明：紫锥菊可通过调控TLR4/NF-κB通路增强免疫抑制鸡的免疫功能。

关键词: 紫锥菊, 环磷酰胺, 免疫抑制, NF-κB, TLR4

Abstract: Echinacea is an important immune enhancer, which is often used as a substitute for antibiotic as feed additive, however, its immune mechanism needs further study. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Echinacea on enhancing immune function of immunosuppressed chicken by regulating TLR4-NF-κB pathway. A total of 120 7-day-old chicken were randomly divided into 4 groups:the control group, cyclophosphamide group, Echinacea group and Echinacea + cyclophosphamide group (combined group), respectively. The chickens of cyclophosphamide group and combined group were chest muscles injected with saline compound cyclophosphamide solution (80 mg·kg^-1) for 3 consecutive days,while the control group and Echinacea group were injected with the same amount of normal saline for 3 days. The chickens of Echinacea and combined groups were fed with basal diet which containing Echinacea herb powder (1%) daily, and the rest of the chickens were fed with the basal diet. All the chikens were weighed and recorded every day. The experiment lasted for 21 days. At the end of the experiment, the changes of body weight and spleen index were analyzed, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of inflammatory factors (NF-κB, IκB, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ) and TLR family (TLR2, TLR4, TLR7, MyD88) were detected. The results showed that Echinacea improved the growth performance of chickens, while cyclophosphamide inhibited the growth of chickens. The spleen coefficient of chickens in cyclophosphamide group was significantly lower than that in other groups (P<0.05), while the pathological changes of spleen tissue sections in the cyclophosphamide group were obvious, and the pathological changes in the combined group were relieved. Compared with the control group, the mRNA levels of NF-κB, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IFN-γ, TLR2, TLR4, TLR7 and MyD88 in cyclophosphamide group were significantly decreased to varying degrees (P<0.05, P<0.01 or P<0.001). Compared with the cyclophosphamide group, the above genes(except TLR7) significantly increased in the combined group(P<0.05, P<0.01 or P<0.001). In addition, the supplementation of Echinacea significantly increased the expression levels of inflammatory factors and TLR family-related proteins. The results indicated that Echinacea enhanced the immune function of immunosuppressed chickens by regulating TLR4-NF-κB pathway.

Key words: Echinacea, cyclophosphamide, immunosuppression, NF-κB, TLR4

中图分类号:

S856.9

季艳菊, 钟高龙, 常晓月, 李英, 胡莲美, 张辉, 潘家强, 唐兆新. 紫锥菊通过调控TLR4-NF-κB通路增强免疫抑制鸡的免疫功能[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2022, 53(7): 2354-2363.

JI Yanju, ZHONG Gaolong, CHANG Xiaoyue, LI Ying, HU Lianmei, ZHANG Hui, PAN Jiaqiang, TANG Zhaoxin. Echinacea Enhances the Immune Function of Immunosuppressed Chicken by Regulating TLR4-NF-κB Pathway[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(7): 2354-2363.

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