基于全基因组SNP分析8个地方鸡品种的遗传多样性

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.02.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为揭示江西及周边地区地方鸡的遗传多样性信息，本研究采集了江西省5个地方鸡品种，广东省、浙江省以及江苏省各1个地方鸡品种共125个血样，利用全基因组SNP芯片分析地方鸡品种的群体结构、网络关系及系统进化情况。结果表明，8个地方鸡品种45 647个位点的多态信息含量大多为0.25<PIC<0.5，属于中度多态，表明这8个地方鸡品种有较丰富的遗传多样性；聚类分析表明，8个地方鸡品种有较弱的地理关系；品种间的遗传距离在0.254 9~0.360 9，修水黄羽乌鸡和泰和乌鸡的遗传距离为0.254 9，东乡绿壳蛋鸡和崇仁麻鸡的遗传距离为0.306 9。安义瓦灰鸡与其它品种的遗传距离在0.274 7和0.340 8之间，其中安义瓦灰鸡和修水黄羽乌鸡遗传距离最近，和崇仁麻鸡遗传距离最远。结果表明，8个地方鸡品种有较丰富的遗传多样性，为以后品种开发利用提供遗传素材；不同地区的地方鸡没有明显的地域差异，品种间没有显著的遗传分化，两个乌鸡品种（泰和乌鸡和修水黄羽乌鸡）和安义瓦灰鸡品种有相对较近的遗传关系。

关键词: 地方鸡, 全基因组SNP, 遗传多样性, 遗传距离, 群体遗传结构

Abstract: In order to reveal the genetic diversity of local chicken breeds in Jiangxi and its surrounding areas, 125 blood samples were collected from 5 local chicken breeds in Jiangxi province, 1 in Guangdong province, 1 in Zhejiang province and 1 in Jiangsu province. The population structure, network relationship and phylogeny of 8 local chicken breeds were analyzed by the whole genome SNP chip. The results showed that the polymorphic information content of the most of 45 647 loci in 8 local chicken was 0.25<PIC<0.5, which was moderate polymorphic, indicated that the 8 local chicken breeds had rich genetic diversity. Cluster analysis showed that 8 local chicken breeds had weak geographical relationship, the genetic distance between breeds was 0.254 9-0.360 9, the genetic distance between Xiushui yellow feather blcak chicken and Taihe black-bone silky chicken was 0.254 9, and that between Dongxiang green-eggshell layer and Chongren partridge chicken was 0.306 9. The genetic distance between Anyi gray chicken and other breeds was between 0.274 7 and 0.340 8, among which the genetic distance between Anyi gray chicken and Xiushui yellow feather black chicken was the closest, and the genetic distance between Anyi gray chicken and Chongren partridge chicken was the furthest. The results indicated that the 8 local chicken breeds have rich genetic diversity, which can provide genetic material for future breed development and utilization. There was no significant genetic differentiation among the 8 local chicken breeds, two black chicken breeds (Taihe black-bone silky chicken and Xiushui yellow feather black chicken) and Anyi gray chicken have relatively close genetic relationship.

Key words: local chicken, whole genome SNP, genetic diversity, genetic distance, population genetic structure

中图分类号:

S831.2

武艳平, 魏岳, 康昭风, 谢明贵, 谢金防. 基于全基因组SNP分析8个地方鸡品种的遗传多样性[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2022, 53(2): 646-653.

WU Yanping, WEI Yue, KANG Zhaofeng, XIE Minggui, XIE Jinfang. Genetic Diversity Analysis of 8 Local Chicken Breeds Based on Whole Genome SNP[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(2): 646-653.

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