代乳品中不同来源蛋白质对哺乳期犊牛能氮代谢和免疫状况的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2016.09.016

Abstract

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of protein with different sources in milk replacer on nutrient digestion and rumen fermentations of suckling calves.Fifty Chinese Holstein bull calves with similar body weight and day age were randomly assigned to 5 groups (1 control group and 4 treatment groups) with 10 calves for each group.The protein source of control group (MP) was from milk protein.Calves in 4 treatment groups were fed with milk-replacer whose protein contained 70% vegetable protein and 30% milk protein of crude protein.Vegetable proteins were respectively soybean protein concentrate (SP)，hydrolyzed wheat protein (WP)，peanut protein concentrate (PP) and rice protein isolate (RP).Digestibility trials were respectively performed on 4-5 weeks and 8-9 weeks after birth.Blood serum were respectively extracted on 3，5，7 and 9 weeks after birth.The results showed as follows：At the age of 28 days，fecal energy (FE)，urinary energy (UE)，digestible energy (DE) and metabolic energy (ME) of groups of vegetable protein were 2.01-2.60，4.37-5.53，12.49-13.09，6.98-8.73 MJ•d^-1，and the digestibility and retention of nitrogen (N) were 68.94%-82.65%，33.79%-41.67%，respectively.Thereinto，FE of WP，PP，RP groups were significant higher than MP group (P＜0.05).DE and ME/GE (gross energy) of WP，PP groups were significant lower than MP group (P＜0.05).DE/GE of WP，PP，RP groups were significant lower than MP group (P＜0.05).ME and ME/DE of PP group were significant lower than MP group (P＜0.05).Nitrogen digestibility (ND) and P retention (PR) of all vegetable protein groups were significant lower than MP group(P＜0.05).Nitrogen retention (NR)，Ca retention (CaR)，CaR/CaI (Ca retention/Ca intake)，PD /PI (P digestibility/P intake)，PR/PI，PR/PD of WP，PP groups were significant lower than MP group (P＜0.05).CaR/CaD (Ca retention/Ca digestibility) of WP group was significant lower than MP group (P＜0.05).At the age of 63 days，FE，UE，DE，ME of vegetable protein groups were 4.75-5.48，10.00-11.02，23.93-24.89，13.20-14.56 MJ•d^-1，and ND，NR were between 71.86%-78.58%，40.70%-44.01%，respectively.Thereinto，FE of WP，PP groups were significant higher than MP group (P＜0.05).DE/GE of WP，PP groups were significant lower than MP group (P＜0.05).ND of WP，PP，RP groups were significant lower than MP group (P＜0.05).CaR，CaR/CaI of SP，WP，PP groups were significant lower than MP group (P＜0.05).CaD/CaI of SP，WP groups were significant lower than MP group (P＜0.05).PR of PP group were significant lower than MP group (P＜0.05).PR/PI，PR/PD of SP，RP groups were significant higher than MP group (P＜0.05).For serum immune indexes，IgG concentration of WP，PP groups were significant lower than MP group (P＜0.05)，and IgM concentration of SP，WP，PP groups were significant lower than MP group at 21 days (P＜0.05).IgA concentration of WP，PP groups were significant higher than MP group at 35 days (P＜0.05).IgG concentration of WP，PP groups were significant lower than MP group (P＜0.05)，and IgM concentration of PP group was significant higher than MP group at 49 days (P＜0.05).IgA concentration of PP group was significant lower than MP group at 63 days (P＜0.05).IL-2 concentration had no significant difference among all groups during the whole trial period.In conclusion，protein with different sources in milk replacer have effects on metabolism of energy，nitrogen，Ca，P and immune function.Vegetable protein in milk replacer could significantly reduce metabolic level of energy，nitrogen，Ca and P than milk protein，and soybean and rice protein have smaller influence.From the level of IgG，IgA，IgM and IL-2 in blood serum，stress of calves fed milk，soybean，rice protein were weaker than wheat，peanut protein.With the age of calves rising，the effects of protein sources were continually reduced on metabolism of energy，nitrogen，Ca，P and immune function，and the ability of using vegetable proteins also were continually enhanced.

Key words: calf, vegetable protein, milk replacer, metabolism, immune

CLC Number:

S823
S816.4

HUANG Kai-wu，TU Yan，SI Bing-wen，XU Gui-shan，DU Hong-fang，DIAO Qi-yu. Effect of Protein with Different Sources in Milk Replacer on Energy，Nitrogen Metabolism and Immune State of Suckling Calf[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2016, 47(9): 1868-1878.

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Effect of Protein with Different Sources in Milk Replacer on Energy，Nitrogen Metabolism and Immune State of Suckling Calf

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