仿生消化法估测生长猪饲料有效能的准确性及可加性研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.09.023

Abstract

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to investigate the accuracy and additivity of digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy (NE) predicted from simulated digestion method in feed for growing pig, which will provide a reference for quickly determining effective energy in feed. A single factorial completely randomized design was adopted for the determination of enzymatic hydrolysate gross energy (EHGE) of 12 energy feed ingredients, 9 protein feed ingredients and 17 diets formulated by the above 21 feed ingredients.Each treatment contained 5 replicates with 1 digestive tube per replicate. The DE, ME and NE were predicted by EHGE combined with crude protein (CP) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). The difference and correlation between the predicted effective energy (DE, ME and NE) values and the in vivo values estimated by gross energy (GE) multiplied by energy utilization coefficients in the GB/T 939235—2020 of 17 feed ingredients with the same name as this study were calculated to verify the accuracy of effective energy predicted from simulated digestion method. The difference between the weighted values of effective energy calculated by individual value of feed ingredients and the values predicted by the mathematical model of effective energy from EHGE in the diets were compared to validate the additivity of effective energy predicted from simulated digestion method. The results showed that the coefficients of determination (R²) of the linear regression model of in vivo DE, ME and NE calculated from GB/T 939235—2020 against effective energy predicted from EHGE combined with CP and ADF of 17 feed ingredients were 0.774, 0.778 and 0.870, respectively. Regression diagnostic analysis indicated that rice bran, wheat bran and corn germ meal deviated from other 14 feed ingredients in the linear relationship between the in vivo and predicted values (DFFITS>$ 2 \sqrt{\frac{p}{n}} $). Excluding the above 3 samples, the R² of the linear regression of in vivo effective energy calculated from GB/T 939235—2020 on predicted values were greater than 0.93. The linear regression of determined EHGE on weighted calculation values and the predicted DE, ME and NE on weighted calculation values were consistent to the line of Y=X (R²>0.95, P < 0.01). These results indicate that the simulated digestion method can accurately predict the effective energy of 14 feed ingredients, but underestimate the effective energy of rice bran and wheat bran, whereas overestimate the DE and ME of corn germ meal. The EHGE determined by simulated digestion method and the DE, ME, NE which predicted from EHGE all have good additivity.

Key words: growing pig, feed ingredients, simulated digestion method, effective energy

CLC Number:

S816.32

Cong REN, Hu ZHANG, Yuming WANG, Jingjing XIE, Renna SA, Feng ZHAO. Study on the Accuracy and Additivity of Effective Energy in Feed for Growing Pigs Predicted by Simulated Digestion Method[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(9): 3988-4000.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

The determined EHGE and DE, ME or NE predicted from EHGE, CP and ADF in 21 feed ingredients for growing pigs"

项目 Item	EHGE/(MJ·kg^－1 DM)	DE/(MJ·kg^－1 DM)			ME/(MJ·kg^－1 DM)			NE/(MJ·kg^－1 DM)
项目 Item	EHGE/(MJ·kg^－1 DM)	估测值¹⁾	体内值²⁾	差值³⁾	估测值¹⁾	体内值²⁾	差值³⁾	估测值¹⁾	体内值²⁾	差值³⁾
玉米 Corn	16.73	16.48	16.88	-0.40	16.19	16.37	-0.18	12.71	13.26	-0.55
高粱 Sorghum	17.08	16.71	16.77	-0.06	16.38	16.44	-0.06	12.67	12.97	-0.30
小麦 Wheat	15.92	16.11	16.79	-0.68	15.69	16.23	-0.54	11.98	12.11	-0.13
大麦 Barley	14.28	14.35	14.50	-0.15	13.96	14.21	-0.25	10.66	10.92	-0.26
木薯 Cassava	15.48	15.28	15.83	-0.55	15.06	15.62	-0.56	12.10	12.71	-0.61
面粉 Wheat flour	17.63	17.62	17.74	-0.12	17.19	17.28	-0.09	13.09	13.34	-0.25
次粉 Wheat middling	14.85	15.31	16.60	-1.29	14.79	16.20	-1.41	10.98	11.98	-1.00
碎米 Broken rice	17.58	17.24	17.33	-0.09	16.98	16.27	0.71	13.45	13.13	0.32
大米抛光粉 Rice polishing meal	17.24	16.96			16.58			12.70
米糠 Rice bran	14.01	13.53	15.58	-2.05	13.07	15.15	-2.08	9.45	11.80	-2.35
小麦麸 Wheat bran	9.51	10.42	12.79	-2.37	9.84	12.40	-2.56	6.92	8.88	-1.96
饼干渣 Biscuit meal	17.80	17.44			17.13			13.34
豆粕 Soybean meal	15.87	17.28	17.45	-0.17	16.17	16.67	-0.50	10.22	10.72	-0.50
棉籽粕 Cottonseed meal	11.44	13.02	12.07	0.95	11.85	11.22	0.63	6.52	8.18	-1.66
花生饼 Peanut cake	16.39	16.74	16.50	0.24	15.64	15.23	0.41	9.39	10.08	-0.69
柠檬酸糟 Citric acid meal	10.69	11.17			10.37			6.32
玉米DDGS(高脂) Corn DDGS (high oil)	14.92	15.36	15.48	-0.12	14.60	14.86	-0.26	9.91	10.52	-0.61
玉米DDGS(低脂) Corn DDGS (low oil)	13.66	14.64	14.49	0.15	13.91	13.91	0	9.67	9.76	-0.09
玉米胚芽粕 Corn germ meal	12.54	13.93	11.71	2.22	13.10	11.16	1.94	8.78	8.04	0.74
米糠粕 Rice bran meal	10.53	11.21	11.03	0.18	10.61	10.33	0.28	7.38	7.65	-0.27
小麦胚 Wheat germ	15.95	16.58			15.85			11.13

Table 3

Fig. 1

Table 4

Fig. 2

Table 5

Fig. 3

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项目 Item	水分 Moisture	粗蛋白质 Crude protein	粗灰分 Ash	粗脂肪 Ether extract	酸性洗涤纤维 ADF	中性洗涤纤维 NDF	粗纤维 CF	总能/(MJ·kg^－1) Gross energy
玉米 Corn	13.45	8.71	1.34	3.68	3.19	8.86	2.24	18.59
高粱 Sorghum	12.63	10.55	1.33	3.59	4.63	8.51	2.07	18.80
小麦 Wheat	11.49	15.41	1.82	1.82	3.06	11.96	2.92	18.54
大麦 Barley	11.07	11.22	2.63	1.95	7.78	20.65	5.52	18.39
木薯 Cassava	12.23	3.54	2.11	0.39	4.02	6.87	3.75	17.20
面粉 Wheat flour	12.74	17.30	1.51	2.49	1.33	5.24	1.06	18.71
次粉 Wheat middling	12.30	19.81	3.33	4.57	4.93	19.87	4.16	19.07
碎米 Broken rice	12.44	7.82	0.47	0.51	1.35	0.84	0.64	17.93
大米抛光粉 Rice polishing meal	13.31	13.32	8.77	11.23	4.18	4.71	3.13	19.52
米糠 Rice bran	14.54	12.65	9.92	13.09	16.40	25.53	11.75	20.18
小麦麸 Wheat bran	13.15	17.28	5.52	4.02	14.15	47.67	11.35	19.23
饼干渣 Biscuit meal	11.41	10.87	3.70	7.13	2.36	4.72	2.24	19.30
豆粕 Soybean meal	12.15	52.98	6.97	1.34	5.15	8.40	5.07	19.59
棉籽粕 Cottonseed meal	11.04	51.27	7.08	1.04	15.54	26.17	14.36	19.35
花生饼 Peanut cake	7.04	49.84	6.50	7.97	15.90	17.83	12.70	20.78
柠檬酸糟 Citric acid meal	8.50	28.31	2.96	9.42	21.45	53.37	18.02	21.85
玉米DDGS¹⁾(高脂) Corn DDGS(high oil)	14.91	31.45	4.97	10.16	10.45	26.61	6.78	21.65
玉米DDGS(低脂) Corn DDGS(low oil)	14.45	30.20	4.90	3.97	6.73	26.11	6.67	20.27
玉米胚芽粕 Corn germ meal	12.81	35.20	11.05	1.58	7.10	24.46	6.11	18.02
米糠粕 Rice bran meal	10.87	18.81	12.71	1.32	14.80	29.72	11.49	17.55
小麦胚 Wheat germ	13.48	31.74	5.07	9.01	5.00	17.91	6.08	20.33

饲料原料 Feed ingredient	待测饲粮 Test diets
饲料原料 Feed ingredient	D1	D2	D3	D4	D5	D6	D7	D8	D9	D10	D11	D12	D13	D14	D15	D16	D17
玉米 Corn	49.34		9.83			19.86		9.88		4.89	4.93	4.91		4.88
高粱 Sorghum		49.93			9.98				5.03			14.95	4.95		19.97	4.99
小麦 Wheat					50.06			10.05	5.04				4.96		20.03		9.99
大麦 Barley	5.02		49.92				9.93					4.99		14.85			4.99
木薯 Cassava				49.12		4.98			4.97		19.77	9.84	4.89			4.93
面粉 Wheat flour		4.94		9.84		49.86				19.61						4.93	14.77
次粉 Wheat middling	10.01						49.54		15.06			4.99					4.98
碎米 Broken rice			9.92		14.89			49.82					19.67			4.95	4.95
大米抛光粉 Rice polishing meal		14.86					9.84		49.83					19.62	4.95
米糠 Rice bran	5.08			10.09						30.17	5.08					15.15
小麦麸 Wheat bran			5.02				4.98	10.07				30.04		14.91			5.00
饼干渣 Biscuit meal						4.98						4.92		9.75	14.77	19.65	4.90
豆粕 Soybean meal	10.06	5.02	15.02		5.01			5.04		19.91	30.15			4.97	5.02
棉籽粕 Cottonseed meal		10.09			5.04	15.28			5.07			20.15				5.03	5.03
花生饼 Peanut cake	5.33		5.31	10.58			15.81						21.04		5.31	5.30	5.29
柠檬酸糟 Citric acid meal		5.22		10.40						15.55		5.21		31.02
玉米DDGS(高脂) Corn DDGS (high oil)			4.98			5.04	9.90						14.83		29.95		4.98
玉米DDGS(低脂) Corn DDGS (low oil)	5.05				10.05			15.14					4.99			30.11
玉米胚芽粕 Corn germ meal		4.97		4.95					5.01	9.87	19.93						4.96
米糠粕 Rice bran meal	10.11			5.02							15.16		5.00				30.16
小麦胚 Wheat germ		4.97			4.97				9.99		4.98		19.67			4.96
合计 Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

饲粮中饲料原料的比例 Percentage of feed ingredients in diets	相关系数 Correlation coefficient
饲粮中饲料原料的比例 Percentage of feed ingredients in diets	dEHGE	dDE	dME	dNE
玉米 Corn	0.00	-0.23	-0.14	0.00
高粱 Sorghum	0.49	0.20	0.24	0.49
小麦 Wheat	0.00	0.22	0.29	0.00
大麦 Barley	0.64	0.38	0.48	0.64
木薯 Cassava	0.21	-0.19	-0.17	0.19
面粉 Wheat flour	-0.21	0.07	0.09	-0.23
次粉 Wheat middling	-0.27	-0.10	-0.48	-0.30
碎米 Broken rice	-0.09	-0.43	-0.06	-0.10
大米抛光粉 Rice polishing meal	0.40	0.25	0.47	0.41
米糠 Rice bran	0.09	-0.09	-0.24	0.12
小麦麸 Wheat bran	0.18	0.19	0.22	0.18
饼干渣 Biscuit meal	-0.62	-0.70	-0.74	-0.61
豆粕 Soybean meal	0.54	0.87^*	0.74^*	0.52
棉籽粕 Cottonseed meal	0.29	0.47	0.40	0.27
花生饼 Peanut cake	0.01	0.17	-0.08	0.01
柠檬酸糟 Citric acid meal	-0.44	-0.39	-0.56	-0.42
玉米DDGS高脂 Corn DDGS (high oil)	-0.67	-0.80	-0.86^*	-0.67
玉米DDGS低脂 Corn DDGS (low oil)	-0.81	-0.78	-0.64	-0.80
玉米胚芽粕 Corn germ meal	0.46	0.90^*	0.87^*	0.43
米糠粕 Rice bran meal	-0.29	0.23	0.26	-0.27
小麦胚 Wheat germ	-0.25	-0.23	-0.42	-0.26

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[11]	HUANG Rui-lin;YIN Yu-long;DAI Qiu-zhong;LI Tie-jun;BIN Shi-yu;HOU Zhen-ping;ZHANG Ping. Study on the Relationship of Average Daily Gain with Net Portal Absorption of Nutrients by Portal Veindrained Organs in Growing Pigs [J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2006, 37(3): 262-269.
[12]	FANG Re-jun;WANG Kang-ning;FAN Ming-zhe;YIN Yu-long;HE Jian-hua. A Comparison of Two Techniques to Measure the Gastrointestinal Endogenous Phosphorus Outputs and True Phosphorus Digestibility with Growing Pigs [J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2005, 36(2): 137-143.

Study on the Accuracy and Additivity of Effective Energy in Feed for Growing Pigs Predicted by Simulated Digestion Method

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