Abstract: To examine the differences and changes of proteome of BHK-21 cells after infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype Asia 1, the monolayer BHK-21 cells infected with FMDV and normal cells were prepared as experimental materials. The total protein from the BHK-21 cells were isolated and used to analyze the proteome differences between the infected and the control cells by 2-dimentional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Results showed that there were 1 457 protein spots visible in the infected cells, and 1 427 visible protein spots in the control cells. Compared with control cells, there were significance of statistics (P<0.05) at 472 differential protein spots in infection cells, including 251 up-expressed protein spots, 221 downexpressed protein spots and 30 newly proteins spots. These results indicate that the expression pattern of cells are changed after infection with FMDV. It maybe results from inter-actions between viral and cellular components. This is the first time to use proteomics technologies to study the proteome differences after FMDV infection and this study is helpful to further research about molecular mechanisms of interactions between FMDV serotype Asia 1 and BHK-21 cells.