饲粮能量水平对初产期四川白鹅生产性能、蛋品质和孵化性能的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2018.02.024

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在研究饲粮能量水平对初产期四川白鹅生产性能、蛋品质和孵化性能的影响，探索确定初产期四川白鹅的适宜饲粮能量水平。试验选取26周龄体重相近的四川白鹅母鹅250只，随机分为5组，每组10个重复，每个重复5只母鹅。试验期间，每个重复放入公鹅1只，分别给各组试验鹅饲喂含9.14、10.01、10.88、11.75和12.62 MJ·kg^-1代谢能的饲粮，试验期为12周。以重复为单位准确记录产蛋数、蛋重，测定产蛋性能；同时从每个重复中选取2枚鹅蛋用于蛋品质测定；将所有的合格蛋以重复为单位进行孵化，测定孵化性能。结果表明：1）10.88、11.75和12.62 MJ·kg^-1组末体重和平均日增重均显著高于9.14和10.01 MJ·kg^-1组（P<0.05）。2）10.88、11.75和12.62 MJ·kg^-1组平均蛋重和日产蛋率均显著高于9.14和10.01 MJ·kg^-1组（P<0.05），10.88、11.75和12.62 MJ·kg^-1组料蛋比均显著低于9.14和10.01 MJ·kg^-1组（P<0.05），但饲粮能量水平对鹅开产日龄和开产蛋重无显著影响（P>0.05）。3）10.01、10.88和11.75 MJ·kg^-1组鹅蛋蛋白高度和哈夫单位均显著高于9.14和12.62 MJ·kg^-1组（P<0.05），10.88、11.75和12.62 MJ·kg^-1组蛋黄颜色均显著高于9.14和10.01 MJ·kg^-1组（P<0.05），10.01、10.88和11.75 MJ·kg^-1组鹅蛋比重显著高于9.14 MJ·kg^-1组（P<0.05）。4）饲粮能量水平对种蛋受精率无显著影响（P>0.05），11.75 MJ·kg^-1组受精蛋孵化率显著高于9.14、10.01和12.62 MJ·kg^-1组（P<0.05）。5）以试验鹅平均蛋重、日产蛋率和受精蛋孵化率为评判指标，经三次曲线回归分析得出初产期四川白鹅适宜饲粮代谢能水平分别为11.93、11.91和11.83 MJ·kg^-1。初产期四川白鹅饲粮代谢能水平为11.83 MJ·kg^-1即可满足其对能量的需要量。

Abstract:

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary energy concentrations on production performance, egg quality and hatching performance in primiparous laying Sichuan White geese, and explore the optimal dietary energy concentration of primiparous laying Sichuan White geese. Two hundred fifty 26 weeks old female Sichuan White geese were randomly allotted into 5 dietary treatments with 5 dietary metabolizable energy (ME) concentrations(9.14, 10.01, 10.88, 11.75 and 12.62 MJ·kg^-1) containing 10 replicate pens with 5 birds per pen. And 1 male goose was put into each repeating group, respectively. The experiment lasted for 12 weeks. According to replicate, the egg weight and egg number for everyday was recorded to examine the egg production performance. Two goose eggs from each replicate group were selected for determination of egg quality.All qualified eggs were selected to hatch for determination of hatching performance. The results showed that:1) The final body weight and average daily gain of birds fed diets containing 10.88,11.75 and 12.62 MJ·kg^-1 ME were significantly higher than those birds fed diets containing 9.14 and 10.01 MJ·kg^-1 ME (P<0.05). 2) The average egg weight, daily laying rate of birds fed diets containing 10.88, 11.75 and 12.62 MJ·kg^-1 ME were significantly higher than those birds fed diets with 9.14 and 10.01 MJ·kg^-1 ME (P<0.05). The feed egg ratio of birds fed diets containing 10.88, 11.75 and 12.62 MJ·kg^-1 ME were significantly lower than those birds fed diets containing 9.14 and 10.01 MJ·kg^-1 ME (P<0.05). The dietary energy concentration did not significantly affect the age at the first egg and the weight of the first egg in Sichuan White geese (P>0.05).3) The albumen height and Haugh unit of geese egg in 10.01, 10.88 and 11.75 MJ·kg^-1 ME groups were significantly higher than those in 9.14 and 12.62 MJ·kg^-1 ME groups(P<0.05). The yolk color of birds fed diets with 10.88, 11.75 and 12.62 MJ·kg^-1 ME were significantly higher than those birds fed diets with 9.14 and 10.01 MJ·kg^-1 ME (P<0.05). The birds fed diets with 10.01, 10.88 and 11.75 MJ·kg^-1 ME had higher egg specific gravity than those birds fed diets with 9.14 MJ·kg^-1 ME (P<0.05). 4) Dietary energy concentration did not significantly affect fertility of birds (P>0.05). The hatchability of fertile eggs in birds fed diet containing 11.75 MJ·kg^-1 ME was higher than those birds fed diets with 9.14, 10.01 and 12.62 MJ·kg^-1 ME (P<0.05). 5) Based on cubic curve model analysis, the optimal energy concentration in primiparous laying Sichuan White geese were 11.93, 11.91 and 11.83 MJ·kg^-1 ME, the average egg weight, daily laying rate and hatchability of fertile eggs were as the indicators, respectively. Collectively, the 11.83 MJ·kg^-1 ME can meet the energy requirement of primiparous laying Sichuan White geese.

中图分类号:

S835.5

罗艺, 刘作兰, 王启贵, 彭祥伟, 王阳铭, 谢明, 侯水生, 兰云贤, 汪超. 饲粮能量水平对初产期四川白鹅生产性能、蛋品质和孵化性能的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(2): 439-448.

LUO Yi, LIU Zuo-lan, WANG Qi-gui, PENG Xiang-wei, WANG Yang-ming, XIE Ming, HOU Shui-sheng, LAN Yun-xian, WANG Chao. Effects of Dietary Energy Concentrations on Growth Performance, Egg Quality and Hatching Performance in Primiparous Laying Sichuan White Geese[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2018, 49(2): 439-448.

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