Abstract: Random microsatellite amplification polymorphic DNA (RMAPD) technique was used to analyze association of polymorphisms of Xinong Saanen dairy goats with economic traits (including milk yields in different lactations, litter size in different birth and body sizes such as birth weight, body weight, stature, body size, shank girth and heart girth). The results about associations of RMAPD with three economic traits indicated that 66 bands had significantly effect on milk yield, litter sizes and body sizes (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Among those, 23 bands (including 14 positive bands and 9 negative bands) significantly affected milk yield, especially band C, D, J and K of HEL1r+F09 which produced significantly effect on milk yield from third lactation to fifth lactation and average milk yields; 23 bands ( including 11 positive bands and 12 negative bands) significantly affected litter sizes, especially band J of HEL1r+F09、band H of MFW20f+P4、band E of HEL1f+F09, band A and D of MFW20f+F09 which significantly associated with litter sizes；20 bands ( including 9 positive bands and 11 negative bands) had significantly effect on body sizes. For example, band G of HEL1f+F09, band E of HEL1r+F09 significantly associated with birth weight, and band M of HEL1r+OPW19 produced the same marked effect on heart girth (P<0.01).