Abstract: The buffalo is one of the most important animals to employ as a servant and animal food of modern countryside in our country. So many researches on the buffalo have been performed and the anatomical investigation with buffalo is one of the basic researches. To provide more basic data for the further research on buffalo, we have investigated on the morphological structure of bone cavity hole of skull in Jianghan buffalo in this study. The shape and position for every bone hole in skull cavity for the Jianghan buffalo were dissected and surveyed, and the corresponding nerves, blood vessels and other organization distribution in the bone hole were also investigated. The diameters with every bone hole were measured by measurement method. The results showed that there were total 13 bone holes in the skull of Jianghan buffalo, and it was existed the corresponding nerves and blood vessels in every bone holes. The diameter for each bone hole as follows: supraorbital foramen was 6.74 mm, suborbital foramen was 6.64 mm, inferior foramen occipital was 45.42 mm, ala temporalis orbital hole was 5.33 mm, the hole under palate was 7. 85 mm, wing foramen ovale was 10.73 mm, temporal joint deuterostoma was 4.47 mm, jugular foramen was 9.87 mm, foramen hypoglossi was 9.05 mm, temporal canal hole was 14.46 mm, mandibular foramen was 6.28 mm, mental foramen was 4.21 mm and cribriform foramina was 3.37 mm. This work of centralized investigation on the morphological structure of bone cavity hole of skull and the corresponding nerve, blood vessels and other organization distribution for Jianghan buffalo is to provide some scientific bases with the anatomical investigation and teaching for Jianghan buffalo.