Abstract: Genetic diversity for Sichuan black goat populations, including Jintang black goat, Lezhi black goat, Jianchang black goat, Hejiang black goat, Jiangan black goat, Zigong black goat, Jialing black goat, Yingshan black goat and Baiyu black goat, were estimated using ten microsatellite makers by PCR, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining of Sanguintti method. The results showed that ten microsatellite loci analyzed were highly polymorphic loci in nine populations. The average PIC, H and Ne of Jintang, Lezhi, Jianchang, Hejiang, Jiangan, Zigong, Jialing, Yingshan and Baiyu black goat were 0.724 4/0.763 2/4.483 8, 0.750 3/0.782 7/4.878 2, 0.735 2/0.773 9/5.017 6, 0.770 2/0.800 7/5.286 1, 0.740 2/0.777 1/4.576 8, 0.746 5/0.784 6/ 4.855 6, 0.751 1/0.788 9/ 4.959 1, 0.760 4/0.790 5/4.886 9 and 0.697 0/0.741 7/4.272 8. Jialing and Yingshan black goat was one cluster (D=0.386); Zigong and Jiangan black goat was separated one cluster (D=0.428) firstly, then Hejiang black goat joined this cluster (D=0.456); Jingtang and Lezhi was one cluster (D=0.437); Baiyu and Jianchang black goat was one cluster. At last, the four clusters build up a big cluster.