畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (1): 414-422.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.01.036

• 预防兽医 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于RdRp蛋白的兔出血症病毒感染与免疫鉴别诊断ELISA方法的建立

朱薇1,2,3,4(), 仇汝龙2,3,4(), 陈萌萌2,3,4, 胡波2,3,4, 魏后军2,3,4, 范志宇2,3,4, 葛雷2,3,4, 伍孟婷2,3,4, 宋艳华1,2,3,4(), 王芳1,2,3,4()   

  1. 1.南京农业大学动物医学院,南京 210095
    2.江苏省农业科学院兽医研究所,南京 210014
    3.农业农村部兽用生物制品工程重点实验室,南京 210014
    4.兽用生物制品(泰州)国泰技术创新中心,泰州 225300
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-25 出版日期:2026-01-23 发布日期:2026-01-26
  • 通讯作者: 宋艳华,王芳 E-mail:1276306080@qq.com;307821498@qq.com;songyanhua8507@126.com;rwangfang@126.com
  • 作者简介:朱薇,硕士生,主要从事兔瘟病毒致病机制研究,E-mail:1276306080@qq.com
    仇汝龙,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事家兔呼吸道疾病致病机制及防控技术研究,E-mail:307821498@qq.com
    第一联系人:朱薇与仇汝龙为同等贡献作者
  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-43-C-1)

Establishment and Application of Indirect ELISA Method based on RHDV RdRp Protein

ZHU Wei1,2,3,4(), QIU Rulong2,3,4(), CHEN Mengmeng2,3,4, HU Bo2,3,4, WEI Houjun2,3,4, FAN Zhiyu2,3,4, GE Lei2,3,4, WU Mengting2,3,4, SONG Yanhua1,2,3,4(), WANG Fang1,2,3,4()   

  1. 1.College of Veterinary Medicine,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China
    2.Institute of Veterinary Medicine,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China
    3.Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Products Engineering,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,China
    4.Veterinary Biological Products (Taizhou) Guotai Technology Innovation Center,Taizhou 225300,China
  • Received:2024-09-25 Online:2026-01-23 Published:2026-01-26
  • Contact: SONG Yanhua, WANG Fang E-mail:1276306080@qq.com;307821498@qq.com;songyanhua8507@126.com;rwangfang@126.com

摘要:

为建立区别兔出血症病毒(RHDV)感染与疫苗免疫的诊断ELISA方法,本研究通过原核表达系统表达RHDV1和RHDV2 RdRp蛋白,成功纯化获得这两种可溶性RdRp蛋白,并以RdRp蛋白作为包被抗原,建立检测抗RdRp血清抗体的间接ELISA方法。结果显示,经纯化和酶切后,获得不含标签蛋白的RdRp蛋白,约为57 ku。经Western blot验证,2种RdRp蛋白均与RHDV1 或RHDV2感染血清发生特异性反应且无型别间差异。因此,选择RHDV2-RdRp作为包被抗原,包被浓度为2.5 μg·mL-1;最佳血清稀释度为1∶100,孵育时间为37 ℃ 60 min;酶标抗体的最佳稀释度为1∶10 000;临界值为0.225。经验证,该ELISA方法具有较好的特异性和敏感性;其批内、批间重复性试验变异系数均小于10%,具有较好的稳定性。通过对RHDV攻毒后样本及基因工程疫苗免疫后血清样本进行检测。结果显示,RHDV感染后可以诱导机体产生针对RdRp蛋白的血清抗体,而基因工程疫苗免疫后血清检测为阴性。本研究基于RHDV-RdRp蛋白所建立的ELISA方法可以对基因工程疫苗免疫和RHDV感染进行区分,为筛查RHDV的临床感染提供有效的检测方法。

关键词: 兔出血症病毒, RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶(RdRp), 间接ELISA

Abstract:

To establish a diagnostic ELISA method for distinguishing RHDV infection and vaccination, the RdRp proteins of RHDV1 and RHDV2 were expressed by prokaryotic expression system. And these two soluble RdRp proteins were successfully purified. RdRp protein was used as coated antigen, an indirect ELISA method was established to detect serum antibody against RdRp. After purification and restriction enzyme digestion, the RdRp protein without tag was obtained with a size of 57 ku. Western blot analysis confirmed that both RdRp proteins reacted specifically with RHDV1 or RHDV2 infection sera. And there was no difference between the types of RdRp proteins. So RHDV2-RdRp was selected as a coating antigen at a coating concentration of 2.5 μg·mL-1. The optimal serum dilution was 1∶100 and the incubation was 60 min at 37 ℃. The optimal dilution of enzyme-labeled antibody was 1∶10 000. The cut-off value was 0.225. It was proved that the ELISA method has good specificity and sensitivity. The coefficient of variation in both intra-batch and inter-batch repeatability test was less than 10%, which indicating a good stability. The samples after RHDV challenge and the serum samples after genetic engineering vaccine immunization were tested, and the results showed that RHDV infection can induce the production of serum antibodies against RdRp protein, but the serum tests after genetic engineering vaccine immunization were negative. In this study, the ELISA method based on RHDV-RdRp protein can distinguish between genetic engineering vaccine immunity and RHDV infection, which provides an effective detection method for clinical screening of RHDV infection.

Key words: RHDV, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), indirect ELISA

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