成年牦牛皮肤中血管与神经的组织学观察及HIF-1α在皮肤中的表达

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2021.09.027

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究旨在探讨牦牛不同部位皮肤内血管和神经的分布情况，及检测低氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）在不同部位皮肤上的定位及相对表达量，探究牦牛皮肤对高原低氧环境的适应机制。采用HE、Masson’s三色和Verhoeff VG染色法，对成年牦牛皮肤内血管和神经结构进行观察与分析；采用免疫组织化学、实时荧光定量PCR和蛋白免疫印迹法，对HIF-1α的mRNA和蛋白在成年牦牛皮肤组织中表达与分布进行研究。结果表明，颈部血管与神经密度最高，前臂部和小腿部次之，跖部最低，部位间差异显著（P<0.05）。HIF-1α主要表达在表皮层、毛囊的上皮根鞘、皮脂腺、汗腺、血管、神经；颈部、前臂部和小腿部强阳性表达，跖部阳性表达。HIF-1α mRNA的相对表达量跖部明显低于其他部位（P<0.05），其他三个部位两两比较差异不显著（P>0.05）。HIF-1α蛋白相对表达量颈部最高，跖部最低，差异显著（P<0.05）。研究结果提示，成年牦牛不同部位皮肤内不同血管和神经形态结构相似，密度从颈部到前肢再到后肢差异显著。HIF-1α的差异性表达进一步说明皮肤在牦牛适应低氧环境中发挥作用。

关键词: 牦牛, 皮肤, 血管, 神经, HIF-1α

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of vessels and nerves in different parts of yaks skin, to detect the location relative expression of HIF-1α in different parts of yaks skin, and to explore the adaptation mechanism of yaks skin to the plateau hypoxia environment. The vessels and nerves in the skin of adult yaks were observed and analyzed by HE, Masson's staining and Verhoeff VG staining. The expression and distribution of HIF-1α mRNA and protein in yaks skin were studied by immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot. The results showed that the density of vessels and nerves was the highest in the neck, followed by the forearm and crus, and the lowest in the metatarsus, there were significant differences among the parts (P<0.05). The number of vessels and nerves from the neck to the metatarsal showed a decreasing trend, with a significant difference between different sites (P<0.05). HIF-1α was mainly expressed in the epidermis, the epithelial root sheath of hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, vessels and nerves; Strong positive expression was found in the neck, forearm and crus, and positive expression in the metatarsus (P<0.05). The relative expression level of HIF-1α mRNA in the metatarsus was significantly lower than that in the other three sites (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the other three sites (P>0.05). The relative expression of HIF-1α protein was the highest in the neck and the lowest in the metatarsus. The difference was significant (P<0.05). The results showed that the morphology and structure of different vessels and nerves in the skin of adult yaks were similar, and the density of vessels and nerves varied significantly from neck to forelimb to hind limb. The differential expression of HIF-1α further indicates that the skin plays a role in the adaptation of yaks to hypoxia.

Key words: yaks, skin, vessels, nerves, HIF-1α

中图分类号:

S852.16

任钰昕, 崔燕, 邹胜南, 白雪峰, 余四九, 何俊峰, 廖博. 成年牦牛皮肤中血管与神经的组织学观察及HIF-1α在皮肤中的表达[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2021, 52(9): 2633-2641.

REN Yuxin, CUI Yan, ZOU Shengnan, BAI Xuefeng, YU Sijiu, HE Junfeng, LIAO Bo. Histological Observation of Blood Vessels and Nerves and Expression of HIF-1α in Adult Yaks Skin[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(9): 2633-2641.

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