Abstract: The aim of this study was to study the expression of β3andrenergic receptor gene in ovine adipose tissues. In this study, South African Mutton Merino (SAMM) and Shanxi Dam Line (SXDL) ovines were used to study the distribution and expression of ADRB3 in subcutaneous, omental, small omental, retroperitoneal, mesenteric and perirenal fat tissues of sheep by immunohistochemical technique and realtime polymerase chain reaction. The result showed that ADBR3 was located in the membrane of adipose cell. ADRB3 mRNA and protein were detected in all studied tissues, the lowest expression of ADRB3 mRNA and protein were detected in subcutaneous fat (0.159 and 0.139, respectively), and the highest expression in retroperitoneal fat (2.911 and 2.225, respectively), and higher expression level were found in great omental and retroperitoneal fat than that in subcutaneous fat (P<0.05). Significant difference (P<0.05) in expression level of ADBR3 protein was detected between the two sheep populations. The variation in expression of ovine ADRB3 in different adipose tissues reflected the difference between breeds, which suggested there was less genetic stability in Shanxi Dam Line. These findings are consistent with the known function of ADRB3 in mediating lipolysis and homeostasis in adipose tissues. It may provide theoretical foundation for breeding of new sheep breed using ADRB3 gene as a candidate gene.