Abstract: The present study was conducted to evaluate different Chinese goat breeds for mutation drift equilibrium and occurrence of any recent genetic bottleneck. A total of 2 027 animals from forty different breeds were analyzed with a set of 9 heterologous microsatellite markers. Under the two-phase model, all the goat breeds except Jining Qing goat were found to be in mutation drift equilibrium when evaluated by Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The result revealed significant heterozygosity excess suggesting possible cryptic demographic bottleneck in Jining Qing goat.