Abstract: Thirty healthy male white rabbits were divided randomly into five groups, six rabbits per group. The rabbits in control group were fed with common forage. The rabbits in model group were fed with high lipid forage. The rabbits in three rhubarb groups were fed with high lipid forage and administrated intragastrically with different dosage of rhubarb ethanolextract (REE). The rabbits were killed at the end of the tenth week, the atherosclerosis (AS) plaque areas of aorta were measured and the percentage of AS plaques covering aortic intima (PA) was calculated. The pathological changes of coronary arteries were observed with microscope and the incidence of atherosclerosis of small coronary arteries was calculated. The results indicated that REE could inhibit the progression of aortic and abdominal aortic intimal AS plaques and decrease the incidence of AS in artery branch. REE also could reduce AS formation in coronary arteries.