中药龙胆草抗鸽毛滴虫的临床药效分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.02.035

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (2): 785-796.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.02.035

中药龙胆草抗鸽毛滴虫的临床药效分析

魏苗伊^1,2, 吴世海^1,2, 杨富琳^1,2, 余宸昀^1,2, 孙志刚^1,2, 刘馨媛¹, 徐媛媛¹, 梁冰冰¹, 李复煌³, 孙鸿⁴, 刘晓晔^1,2*, 董虹^1,2*

1. 北京农学院兽医学(中医药)北京市重点实验室, 北京 102206;
2. 北京农学院北京市中兽药工程技术研究中心, 北京 102206;
3. 北京市畜牧兽医总站, 北京 100029;
4. 北京优帝鸽业有限公司, 北京 100188

收稿日期:2023-05-11 出版日期:2024-02-23 发布日期:2024-02-27
通讯作者: 董虹,主要从事提高机体免疫和抗菌中药筛选及分子机制研究,E-mail:donghong@bua.edu.cn;刘晓晔,主要从事细菌耐药性防控和宿主导向的抗菌药物研发等研究,E-mail:xiaoyeliu@pku.edu.cn
作者简介:魏苗伊(1999-),女,北京人,硕士生,主要从事中药抗鸽毛滴虫病研究,E-mail:731311512@qq.com
基金资助:
十四五重点研发项目(2022YFD1801103);国家自然科学基金(32373058);家畜产业技术体系北京市家畜创新团队(BAIC05-2023);北京市自然科学基金(6212005);北京市教育委员会科学研究计划(KM202310020006);北京农学院青年教师科研创新能力提升计划(QJKC2022028)

Clinical Efficacy of Herbal Gentian Combat Trichomonas pigeon

WEI Miaoyi^1,2, WU Shihai^1,2, YANG Fulin^1,2, YU Chenyun^1,2, SUN Zhigang^1,2, LIU Xinyuan¹, XU Yuanyuan¹, LIANG Bingbing¹, LI Fuhuang³, SUN Hong⁴, LIU Xiaoye^1,2*, DONG Hong^1,2*

1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China;
2. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China;
3. Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, Beijing 100029, China;
4. Beijing Youdi Pigeon Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100188, China

Received:2023-05-11 Online:2024-02-23 Published:2024-02-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 鸽毛滴虫病是一种极易传播的寄生虫病,严重影响鸽的生产性能,甚至导致鸽的死亡,给养鸽业带来巨大经济损失。然而,临床上防控鸽毛滴虫病的药物多为化药,药物使用周期较短,毒副作用大。为更好地开发临床天然抗寄生虫用药,本文研究了中药龙胆草抗鸽毛滴虫的临床药效,为养鸽业鸽毛滴虫病的治疗提供新的用药策略。通过对鸽毛滴虫的分离、鉴定、纯化,获得稳定用于后续试验的虫株,在体外测定龙胆草水提物对鸽毛滴虫的相对生长抑制率和最低有效浓度;为进一步观察药效,作者将不同剂量浓度的龙胆草水提物加入基础日粮中,在体内测定龙胆草水提物对患病肉鸽体重、存活率、鸽毛滴虫活性、血液生化指标及炎症因子含量的影响,以此来评价中药龙胆草体内外抗鸽毛滴虫的临床药效。体外试验结果表明,龙胆草水提物作用12 h杀灭全部虫体的最低有效浓度(MEC)为50 mg·mL^-1,具有较强的体外抗鸽毛滴虫活性;体内试验结果表明,龙胆草水提物对体重降低的病鸽有恢复体重的作用并能够提高患鸽生存率;龙胆草水提物杀虫效果与对照组相比效果显著(P＜0.05),与甲硝唑组无显著差异(P>0.05),且龙胆草500 mg ·只^-1组药效持续时间长于甲硝唑组;血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、ALT/AST含量低于对照组;血清中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)3种炎症因子含量高于对照组,与甲硝唑组相似。龙胆草水提物对治疗鸽毛滴虫病具有显著的临床药效,其药效作用达到了化药甲硝唑的疗效,且无显著的毒副作用,因此,龙胆草可以用作抗鸽毛滴虫病潜在的天然药物开发。

关键词: 中药龙胆草, 鸽毛滴虫, 甲硝唑, 临床药效分析

Abstract: Trichomonas gallinae is one kinds of highly transmissible parasitic disease, which seriously affects the production performance of pigeons, even leading to the death of pigeons. These bring huge economic losses to the pigeon industry. However, in clinical practice, the therapeutic drugs that used to prevent and control of Trichomonas gallinae are mostly chemical drugs, the use cycle of these chemical drug is short and the side effects are large. In order to develop the natural anti-parasitic drugs in clinic, this paper studied the clinical efficacy of Gentiana scabra against Trichomonas gallinae, providing the new medication strategy for the treatment of Trichomonas gallinae in the pigeon industry. By isolating, identifying, and purifying of Trichomonas gallinae, the stable strains were obtained for subsequent experiments. The relative growth inhibition rate and minimum effective concentration of Gentian water extract against Trichomonas pigeon were determined in vitro. In order to further observe the efficacy, different doses and concentrations of Gentian water extract were added to the basic diet, and the effects of Gentian water extract on body weight, survival rate, activity of Trichomonas pigeon, blood biochemical indexes and contents of inflammatory factors were measured in vivo, so as to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine Gentian against Trichomonas pigeon in vivo and in vitro. The results of in vitro test showed that the minimum effective concentration (MEC) of Gentian water extract was 50 mg·mL^-1, which showed strong anti-Trichomonas pigeon activity in vitro. The results of in vivo experiments showed that the water extract of Gentian herb had the effect of restoring the body weight and improving the survival rate of the sick pigeons. The insecticidal effect of Gentian water extract was significant compared with control group (P<0.05), but had no significant difference compared with metronidazole group (P>0.05), and the duration of efficacy of Gentian 500 mg·mL^-1 per group was longer than that of metronidazole group; The contents of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), AST and ALT/AST in serum were lower than those in control group. Serum levels of three inflammatory factors, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), were higher than those in the control group, similar to metronidazole group. Gentian water extract has significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of Trichomoniasis of pigeon, and its efficacy reaches the therapeutic effect of metronidazole, and has no significant toxic side effects. Therefore, Gentian can be used as a potential natural drug development against trichomoniasis of pigeon.

Key words: Chinese medicine Gentian, Trichomonas pigeon, metronidazole, clinical efficacy research

中图分类号:

魏苗伊, 吴世海, 杨富琳, 余宸昀, 孙志刚, 刘馨媛, 徐媛媛, 梁冰冰, 李复煌, 孙鸿, 刘晓晔, 董虹. 中药龙胆草抗鸽毛滴虫的临床药效分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(2): 785-796.

WEI Miaoyi, WU Shihai, YANG Fulin, YU Chenyun, SUN Zhigang, LIU Xinyuan, XU Yuanyuan, LIANG Bingbing, LI Fuhuang, SUN Hong, LIU Xiaoye, DONG Hong. Clinical Efficacy of Herbal Gentian Combat Trichomonas pigeon[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(2): 785-796.

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中药龙胆草抗鸽毛滴虫的临床药效分析

Clinical Efficacy of Herbal Gentian Combat Trichomonas pigeon

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