牛发情期活动量与阴道黏液电阻值变化规律的研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2017.07.006

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (7): 1221-1228.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2017.07.006

牛发情期活动量与阴道黏液电阻值变化规律的研究

寇红祥^1,2, 李蓝祁^2,3, 王振玲⁴, 任康⁵, 李树静⁶, 路永强^5*, 王栋^2*

1. 吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院, 长春 130118;
2. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 农业部畜禽遗传资源与利用重点开放实验室, 北京 100193;
3. 湖南农业大学动物医学院, 长沙 410128;
4. 北京农业职业学院, 北京 102442;
5. 北京市畜牧总站, 北京 100107;
6. 石家庄天泉良种奶牛有限公司, 石家庄 050020

收稿日期:2017-01-13 出版日期:2017-07-23 发布日期:2017-07-20
通讯作者: 路永强,研究员,主要从事奶牛繁殖研究,E-mail:luyongqiang@163.com;王栋,博士,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事动物遗传育种与繁殖研究,E-mail:dwangcn2002@vip.sina.com
作者简介:寇红祥(1988-),男,河北衡水人,硕士生,主要从事动物遗传育种与繁殖研究,E-mail:kouhx2014@163.com
基金资助:
奶牛产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目（bjcystx-ny-3）；国家自然科学基金（31372296）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程"家畜胚胎工程与繁殖创新团队"项目（ASTIP；cxgc-ias-06）；石家庄市科学技术研究与发展计划项目（161500332A）

Study on the Regulations of Activity and Vaginal Electrical Resistance of Cattle during the Estrous Cycle

KOU Hong-xiang^1,2, LI Lan-qi^2,3, WANG Zhen-ling⁴, REN Kang⁵, LI Shu-jing⁶, LU Yong-qiang^5*, WANG Dong^2*

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
2. The Key Laboratory for Farm Animal Genetic and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
3. College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
4. Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing 102442, China;
5. Animal Husbandry Station of Beijing, Beijing 100107, China;
6. Shijiazhuang Tianquan Elite Dairy Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050020, China

Received:2017-01-13 Online:2017-07-23 Published:2017-07-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

准确的发情鉴定与排卵时间预测对确定输精时间具有重要意义。本研究随机选择产后60~90 d健康二胎西门塔尔牛与头胎荷斯坦奶牛各10头为试验牛，试验牛同期发情后，采用外部观察与直肠检查确定发情、排卵时间，并使用计步器每30 min自动检测牛发情前后及排卵前后的活动量，同时，使用发情排卵仪每4 h测定阴道黏液电阻值（简称电阻值）变化。结果表明，间情期电阻值（300±12）Ω显著高于发情期（P<0.05），发情开始前4 h，电阻值迅速下降，到发情开始后8~12 h，下降至最低（220±27）Ω，随后逐渐回升，到排卵结束，恢复至间情期水平；间情期牛活动量较低，发情后活动量激增，平均增加（10.8±7.0）倍，发情结束后恢复正常。发情持续时间、开始发情~排卵时间与发情结束~排卵时间分别为（15.6±2.8）、（26.8±4.2）与（11.3±4.3） h；电阻最低值~排卵时间为（15.0±1.3） h。发情排卵时，活动量与阴道黏液电阻值变化规律的揭示，对准确发情鉴定与输精具有重要指导意义，二参数结合使用大大提高了发情鉴定效率及排卵时间预测准确性，具有重要的自动化发情监测及排卵预测技术研发价值。

关键词: 牛, 发情鉴定, 排卵, 活动量, 阴道黏液电阻值

Abstract:

It is important to determine the insemination time by using accurate estrous detection and ovulation prediction.In this study,10 multiparous Simmental cattle and 10 primiparous Holstein cows, which were 60 to 90 days postpartum, healthy and nonpregnant, were used as experiment animals. After estrus synchronization, the oestrus and ovulation time of cattle were detected by observation and rectal examination, and the corresponding activity and vaginal electrical resistance (VER) were measured by using pedometers in an interval of 30 min and estrus ovulation tester in an interval of 4 h, respectively. Results showed that, the VER in dioestrus ((300±12) Ω) was significantly higher than that in oestrus (P <0.05), and decreased rapidly 4 h before the onset of oestrus and dropped to the lowest ((220±27) Ω) 8-12 h after the onset of oestrus, and then gradually recovered to the dioestrus level after ovulating. The activity in dioestrus was lower than that in oestrus, and increased 10 times rapidly after the onset of oestrus, and then recovered to the dioestrus level after the end of oestrus. The oestrus duration, the time from onset of oestrus to ovulation and the time from end of oestrus to ovulation were (15.6±2.8) h, (26.8±4.2) h and (11.3±4.3) h, respectively. The ovulation occurred (15.0±1.3) h later after the lowest VER. The activity and VER variation could provide guidance to explore the techniques of accurate oestrus detection and insemination during oestrus and ovulation. The actvity combined with VER would improve oestrus detection efficiency and timing of ovulation predicted accuracy, which have significant value for developing the automatic technology of oestrus detection and ovulation prediction.

Key words: cattle, oestrus detection, ovulation, activity, vaginal electrical resistance

中图分类号:

S823.9

寇红祥, 李蓝祁, 王振玲, 任康, 李树静, 路永强, 王栋. 牛发情期活动量与阴道黏液电阻值变化规律的研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2017, 48(7): 1221-1228.

KOU Hong-xiang, LI Lan-qi, WANG Zhen-ling, REN Kang, LI Shu-jing, LU Yong-qiang, WANG Dong. Study on the Regulations of Activity and Vaginal Electrical Resistance of Cattle during the Estrous Cycle[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2017, 48(7): 1221-1228.

参考文献

[1] 田育峰. 营养因素对奶牛繁殖效率的影响[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2016(9):70.
TIAN Y F. Effects of nutritional factors on reproductive efficiency of dairy cows[J]. The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2016(9):70. (in Chinese)
[2] 李小俊, 王振玲, 陈晓丽, 等. 奶牛体温变化规律及繁殖应用研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2016, 47(12):2331-2341.
LI X J, WANG Z L, CHEN X L, et al. Study progress on the rule of body temperature and its application in reproduction of dairy cattle[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2016, 47(12):2331-2341. (in Chinese)
[3] ROELOFS J B, SOEDE N M, KEMP B. Insemination strategy based on ovulation prediction in dairy cattle[J]. Vlaams Diergen Tijds, 2006, 75(2):70-78.
[4] TALUKDER S, KERRISK K L, INGENHOFF L, et al. Infrared technology for estrus detection and as a predictor of time of ovulation in dairy cows in a pasture-based system[J]. Theriogenology, 2014, 81(7):925-935.
[5] 寇红祥, 赵福平, 任康, 等. 奶牛体温与活动量检测及变化规律研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2016, 47(7):1306-1315.
KOU H X, ZHAO F P, REN K, et al. The progress on detection method and the regularities of body temperature and activities in dairy cows[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2016, 47(7):1306-1315. (in Chinese)
[6] HOCKEY C D, NORMAN S T, MORTON J M, et al. Use of vaginal electrical resistance to diagnose oestrus, dioestrus and early pregnancy in synchronized tropically adapted beef heifers[J]. Reprod Dom Anim, 2010, 45(4):629-636.
[7] AUNGIER S P, FOCHE J F, SHEEHY M, et al. Effects of management and health on the use of activity monitoring for estrus detection in dairy cows[J]. J Dairy Sci, 2011, 95:2452-2466.
[8] FRIGGENS N C, CHAGUNDA M G G. Prediction of the reproductive status of cattle on the basis of milk progesterone measures:model description[J]. Theriogenology, 2005, 64(1):155-190.
[9] 钱伟东, 张洪友, 夏成, 等. 检测奶牛乳汁孕酮的免疫生物传感器优化[J]. 畜牧与兽医, 2015, 47(9):10-14.
QIAN W D, ZHANG H Y, XIA C, et al. Optimization of immune biosensors for milk progesterone in dairy cows[J]. Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2015, 47(9):10-14. (in Chinese)
[10] GAILLARD C, BARBU H, SØRENSEN M T, et al. Milk yield and estrous behavior during eight consecutive estruses in Holstein cows fed standardized or high energy diets and grouped according to live weight changes in early lactation[J]. J Dairy Sci, 2016, 99(4):3134-3143.
[11] KIDDY C A. Variation in physical activity as an indication of estrus in dairy cows[J]. J Dairy Sci, 1977, 60(2):235-243.
[12] 王根林. 养牛学[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 2000.
WANG G L. Cattle breeding science[M]. Beijing:China Agriculture Press, 2000. (in Chinese)
[13] 孙保贵. 奶牛运动量辅助发情诊断及电导率辅助乳房炎诊断参数的研究[D]. 泰安:山东农业大学, 2011.
SUN B G. A study on parameters for estrus detection based on activity record and subclinical mastitis diagnosis based on milk conductivity in lactating cows[D]. Tai'an:Shandong Agricultural University, 2011. (in Chinese)
[14] VAN EERDENBURG F J, LOEFFLER H S, VAN VLIET J H. Detection of oestrus in dairy cows:a new approach to an old problem[J]. Vet Q, 1996, 18(2):52-54.
[15] DRANSFIELD M B G, NEBEL R L, PEARSON R E, et al. Timing of insemination for dairy cows identified in estrus by a radiotelemetric estrus detection system[J]. J Dairy Sci, 1998, 81(7):1874-1882.
[16] WILLIAMS W F, YVER D R, GROSS T S. Comparison of estrus detection techniques in dairy heifers[J]. J Dairy Sci, 1981, 64(8):1738-1741.
[17] AT-TARAS E E, SPAHR S L. Detection and characterization of estrus in dairy cattle with an electronic heatmount detector and an electronic activity tag[J]. J Dairy Sci, 2001, 84(4):792-798.
[18] FIRK R, STAMER E, JUNGE W, et al. Automation of oestrus detection in dairy cows:a review[J]. Livest Prod Sci, 2002, 75(3):219-232.
[19] ROELOFS J B, VAN EERDENBURG F J C M, SOEDE N M, et al. Pedometer readings for estrous detection and as predictor for time of ovulation in dairy cattle[J]. Theriogenology, 2005, 64(8):1690-1703.
[20] STEVENSON J S, HILL S L, NEBEL R L, et al. Ovulation timing and conception risk after automated activity monitoring in lactating dairy cows[J]. J Dairy Sci, 2013, 97(7):4296-4308.
[21] SCHAMS D, SCHALLENBERGER E, HOFFMANN B, et al. The oestrous cycle of the cow:hormonal parameters and time relationships concerning oestrus, ovulation, and electrical resistance of the vaginal mucus[J]. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh), 1977, 86(1):180-192.
[22] CANFIELD R W, BUTLER W R. Accuracy of predicting the LH surge and optimal insemination time in Holstein heifers using a vaginal resistance probe[J]. Theriogenology, 1989, 31(4):835-842.
[23] ZULUAGA J F, SALDARRIAGA J P, COOPER D A, et al. Evaluation of vaginal electrical resistance as an indicator of follicular maturity and suitability for timed artificial insemination in beef cows subjected to a synchronization of ovulation protocol[J]. Anim Reprod Sci, 2008, 109(1-4):17-26.
[24] ODDE K G. A review of synchronization of estrus in postpartum cattle[J]. J Anim Sci, 1990, 68(3):817-830.
[25] ARNEY D R, KITWOOD S E, PHILLIOS C J C. The increase in activity during oestrus in dairy cows[J]. Appl Anim Behav Sci, 1994, 40(3-4):211-218.
[26] JÓNSSONA R, BLANKE M, POULSEN N K, et al. Oestrus detection in dairy cows from activity and lying data using on-line individual models[J]. Comput Electron Agric, 2011, 76(1):6-15.
[27] 孙保贵, 郭予伟, 陈茂学, 等. 奶牛运动量辅助发情诊断参数的研究[J]. 中国畜牧杂志, 2015, 51(13):71-75.
SUN B G, GUO Y W, CHEN M X, et al. Study on estrus detection parameter based on activity record in lactating cows[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2015, 51(13):71-75. (in Chinese)
[28] 孙保贵, 郭予伟, 陈茂学, 等. 奶牛运动量辅助发情诊断参数的研究[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会养牛学分会2011年学术研讨会论文集. 北京:中国畜牧兽医学会, 2011:272-278.
SUN B G, GUO Y W, CHEN M X, et al. A study on estrus detection parameter based on activity record in lactating cows[C]//The 11^th Session Academic Seminar of Cattel Breeding Branch of the China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine. Beijing:Chinese Association of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2011:272-278. (in Chinese)
[29] SANGSRITAVONG S, COMBS D K, SARTORI R, et al. High feed intake increases liver blood flow and metabolism of progesterone and estradiol-17β in dairy cattle[J]. J Dairy Sci, 2002, 85(11):2831-2842.
[30] MADUREIRA A M L, SILPER B F, BURNETT T A, et al. Factors affecting expression of estrus measured by activity monitors and conception risk of lactating dairy cows[J]. J Dairy Sci, 2015, 98(10):7003-7014.
[31] SILPER B F, ROBLES I, MADUREIRA A M L, et al. Automated and visual measurements of estrous behavior and their sources of variation in Holstein heifers. I:walking activity and behavior frequency[J]. Theriogenology, 2015, 84(2):312-320.
[32] LYIMO Z C, NIELEN M, OUWELTJES W, et al. Relationship among estradiol, cortisol and intensity of estrous behavior in dairy cattle[J]. Theriogenology, 2000, 53(9):1783-1795.

牛发情期活动量与阴道黏液电阻值变化规律的研究

Study on the Regulations of Activity and Vaginal Electrical Resistance of Cattle during the Estrous Cycle

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	韩小红, 何翃闳, 王靖雷, 张慧珠, 马悦, 马进彪, 赵生贤, 余四九, 崔燕, 樊江峰. 牦牛p38MAPK在雌性主要生殖器官中的表达[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(9): 1802-1812.
[2]	滑留帅, 辛晓玲, 王璟, 罗生金, 曾滔, 巴提玛, 施巧婷, 徐照学, 王二耀. 利用混池重测序鉴定萨福克绵羊超数排卵关键调控基因[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(9): 1813-1821.
[3]	康浩然, 刘重阳, 于勇, 张俊杰, 潘子豪, 姚火春. 2017-2018年我国部分地区牛支原体的分离鉴定及多位点序列分型[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(9): 1857-1863.
[4]	赵凯, 崔燕, 刘鹏刚, 何俊峰, 宋亮丽, 廖博, 杨晓晴. IL-17和HSP90在不同牛肝中的定位和定量研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(9): 1897-1903.
[5]	杨涛, 许厚强, 陈伟, 周迪, 王圆圆, 朱晓锋. 牛MSTN启动子与MEF2C转录因子相互作用的研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(8): 1567-1575.
[6]	罗芳, 郭延生, 马志远, 卢旺银, 李刚, 陶金忠. 基于UPLC-Q-TOF MS代谢组学技术筛选表征西门塔尔种公牛精子活力的候选生物标志物[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(8): 1596-1606.
[7]	温东旭, 张雷, 索朗斯珠, 牛家强, 王玉恒, 贡嘎, 旦巴次仁, 席广银, 郭敏, 徐业芬. 牦牛Nramp1基因mRNA组织表达谱及其相关miRNAs初步研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(8): 1576-1586.
[8]	张芮琪, 张莹利, 蒋明, 徐越, 徐永平, 卿素珠. 成纤维生长因子4在妊娠早期牛胎盘组织的分布及表达特点[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(8): 1685-1693.
[9]	杨涛, 许厚强, 陈伟, 周迪, 王圆圆, 朱晓锋. 牛MSTN启动子与MEF2C转录因子相互作用的研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(8): 1567-1575.
[10]	温东旭, 张雷, 索朗斯珠, 牛家强, 王玉恒, 贡嘎, 旦巴次仁, 席广银, 郭敏, 徐业芬. 牦牛Nramp1基因mRNA组织表达谱及其相关miRNAs初步研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(8): 1576-1586.
[11]	罗芳, 郭延生, 马志远, 卢旺银, 李刚, 陶金忠. 基于UPLC-Q-TOF MS代谢组学技术筛选表征西门塔尔种公牛精子活力的候选生物标志物[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(8): 1596-1606.
[12]	张芮琪, 张莹利, 蒋明, 徐越, 徐永平, 卿素珠. 成纤维生长因子4在妊娠早期牛胎盘组织的分布及表达特点[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(8): 1685-1693.
[13]	刘江静, 陈晓丽, 田宏志, 路永强, 王栋. 返情母牛活动量影响因素分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(7): 1405-1411.
[14]	朱斌, 刘小倩, 刘颖, 纪晓霞, 张源淑. 血管紧张素转化酶2对Ang Ⅱ诱导的牛乳腺上皮细胞炎症损伤的缓解作用[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(7): 1458-1465.
[15]	刘江静, 陈晓丽, 田宏志, 路永强, 王栋. 返情母牛活动量影响因素分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(7): 1405-1411.