盲肠灌注不同SCFA对驴乳生产性能及乳脂肪酸组成的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2016.07.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在了解驴盲肠发酵产物对乳成分合成的影响。本研究选择4头安装永久盲肠瘘管的泌乳母驴（体重(182±9) kg），在泌乳晚期（(155±15) d），经盲肠用连续灌注法，采用4×4拉丁方设计，连续3 h灌注3种不同比例和组合的短链脂肪酸（SCFA）：乙丙组（乙酸150 mmol•h^-1 +丙酸50 mmol•h^-1）、乙丁组（乙酸170 mmol•h^-1 +丁酸30 mmol•h^-1）、乙丙丁组（乙酸130 mmol•h^-1 +丙酸50 mmol•h^-1 +丁酸20 mmol•h^-1），对照组灌注相同体积的缓冲液。结果发现，不同处理组间乳产量无显著差异（P>0.10）。乙丁组乳脂、非脂固形物、乳糖和乳蛋白含量均显著高于乙丙丁组（P<0.10）；乙丙和乙丁组中乳蛋白含量显著高于乙丙丁组（P<0.10），其余各指标差异不显著（P>0.10）。乙丙和乙丙丁组的中链脂肪酸比例显著高于对照组（P<0.05），乙丙、乙丁和乙丙丁组长链脂肪酸比例显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。结果显示，经盲肠灌注乙酸和丁酸有助于提高乳成分含量，灌注乙酸和丙酸有利于增加乳脂的中链脂肪酸比例，盲肠SCFA参与并影响驴乳脂合成。

关键词: 盲肠, 连续灌注法, 短链脂肪酸, 驴乳, 脂肪酸

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of cecal fermentation products on donkey milk synthesis，4 donkeys installed permanently cecal fistula were selected (body weight (182±9) kg) at late lactation stage ((155±15) d).Through continuous infusion method via cecum，using 4×4 Latin square design，3 different proportions and combinations of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were continuous infused for 3 h：AP group (acetic acid of 150 mmol•h-1 + propionic acid of 50 mmol•h-1)，AB group (acetic acid of 170 mmol•h-1 + butyric acid of 30 mmol•h-1)，APB group (acetic acid of 130 mmol•h-1 + propionic acid of 50 mmol•h-1 + butyric acid of 20 mmol•h-1)，and the control group was perfused equivalent volume of buffer solution，to study the effects of different compositions and proportions of SCFA on donkey milk production and milk fatty acids.The results showed that there was no significant difference (P>0.10) in milk yield among different treatments.Milk fat，non-fat solid，lactose and protein contents were significantly higher in AB group than in APB group (P<0.10)；In AP and AB groups，milk protein contents were significantly higher than that in the APB group (P<0.10)，the other indices of milk constituents showed no significant difference among different groups (P>0.10).Compared to control group，percent of middle-chain fatty acids in AP and APB groups were significantly increased (P<0.05)，while percent of the long-chain fatty acids in AP，AB and APB groups were lower than that in control group(P <0.05).It was concluded that infusion of acetic and butyric acids through cecum helped to improve contents of milk constituents，and infusion of acetic and propionic acids increased percent of middle-chain fatty acids of milk fat，SCFAs from cecum directly affected donkey milk synthesis.

Key words: cecum, continuous infusion method, short-chain fatty acid, donkey milk, fatty acid

中图分类号:

S822
S815.4

周小玲，方雷，王连群，陈根元，窦全林. 盲肠灌注不同SCFA对驴乳生产性能及乳脂肪酸组成的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2016, 47(7): 1422-1427.

ZHOU Xiao-ling，FANG Lei，WANG Lian-qun，CHEN Gen-yuan，DOU Quan-lin. Effects of Cecal Infusion of Different SCFA on Donkey Milk Performance and Milk Fatty Acid Profile[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2016, 47(7): 1422-1427.

参考文献

［1］TRINCHESE G，CAVALIERE G，CANANI R B，et al.Human，donkey and cow milk differently affects energy efficiency and inflammatory state by modulating mitochondria function and gut microbiota［J］. J Nutr Biochem，2015，26(11)：1136-1146.
［2］LIONETTI L，CAVALIERE G，BERGAMO P，et al.Diet supplementation with donkey milk upregulates liver mitochondrial uncoupling，reduces energy efficiency and improves antioxidant and antiinflammatory defences in rats［J］. Mol Nutr Food Res， 2012，56(10)：1596-1600.
［3］MAO Y X，GU J，SUN Y，et al.Anti-proliferative and anti-tumor effect of active components in donkey milk on A549 human lung cells［J］.Int Dairy J，2009，19(11)：703-708.
［4］AMATI L，MARZULLI G，MARTULLI M，et al.Donkey and goat milk intake and modulation of the human aged immune response［J］.Curr Pharm Des，2010，16(7)：864-869.
［5］MARTEMUCCI G，D’ALESSANDRO A G.Fat content，energy value and fatty acid profile of donkey milk during lactation and implications for human nutrition［J］.Lipids Health Dis，2012，11：113.doi：10.1186/1476-511X-11-113.
［6］ZOU X，HUANG J，JIN Q，et al.Lipid composition analysis of milk fats from different mammalian species：potential for use as human milk fat substitutes［J］.J Agric Food Chem，2013，61(29)：7070-7080.
［7］DOREAU M，BAUCHART D，CHILLIARD Y.Enhancing fatty acid composition of milk and meat through animal feeding［J］.Anim Prod Sci，2010，51(1)：19-29.
［8］DUVAUX-PONTER C，TOURNIE M，DETRIMONT L，et al.Effect of a supplement rich in linolenic acid added to the diet of mares on fatty acid composition of mammary secretions and the acquisition of passive immunity in the foal［J］.Anim Sci，2004，78(3)：399-407.
［9］HOFFMAN R M，KRONFELD D S，HERBEIN J H，et al.Dietary carbohydrates and fat influence milk composition and fatty acid profile of mare’s milk［J］. J Nutr，1998，128(12 Suppl)：2708S-2711S.
［10］COWIE A T，DUNCOMBE W G，FOLLEY S J，et al.Synthesis of milk fat from acetic acid (CH143 COOH) by the perfused isolated bovine udder［J］.Biochem J，1951，49(5)：610-615.
［11］HINTZ F H，SCHRYVER H F，STEVENS C E.Digestion and absorption in the hindgut of nonruminant herbivores［J］.J Anim Sci，1978，46(6)：1803-1807.
［12］陈根元，周小玲，蒋慧，等.不同年龄驴的后消化道中挥发性脂肪酸含量和组成的分析初探［J］.塔里木大学学报，2012，24(4)：7-16.
CHEN G Y，ZHOU X L，JIANG H，et al.Primary analysis of the contents and composition of volatile fatty acids in hind gut of different ages of donkeys［J］. Journal of Tarim University，2012，24(4)：7-16.(in Chinese)
［13］DEN BESTEN G，LANGE K，HAVINGA R，et al.Gut-derived short-chain fatty acids are vividly assimilated into host carbohydrates and lipids［J］.Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol，2013，305(12)：G900-G910.
［14］SUAGEE J K，CORL B A，CRISMAN M V，et al.De novo fatty acid synthesis and NADPH generation in equine adipose and liver tissue［J］.Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol，2010，155(3)：322-326.
［15］周小玲，陈根元，格明古丽，等.盲肠和静脉灌注(13)C-乙酸对驴乳成分合成的影响［C］//中国畜牧兽医学会马学分会.中国畜牧兽医学会马学分会成立大会.北京：中国畜牧兽医学会马学分会，2014：2.
ZHOU X L，CHEN G Y，GEMINGULI，et al.Effect of cecal and intravenous infusion of 13C-acetate on milk constituent’s synthesis［C］// Horse Association of CAAV.Proceedings of the inaugural meeting of horse association of CAAV.Beijing：Horse Association of CAAV，2014：2.(in Chinese)
［16］张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术［M］.第3版.北京：中国农业大学出版社，2007：48-80.
ZHANG L Y.Feed Analysis and feed quality testing technology［M］.3rd ed.Beijing：China Agricultural University Press，2007：48-80.(in Chinese)
［17］GLINSKY M J，SMITH R M，SPIRES H R，et al.Measurement of volatile fatty acid production rates in the cecum of the pony［J］.J Anim Sci，1976，42(6)：1465-1470.
［18］POUTEAU E，NGUYEN P，BALLÈVRE O，et al.Production rates and metabolism of short-chain fatty acids in the colon and whole body using stable isotopes［J］. Proc Nutr Soc，2003，62(1)：87-93.
［19］FROST G，SLEETH M L，SAHURI-ARISOYLU M，et al.The short-chain fatty acid acetate reduces appetite via a central homeostatic mechanism［J］.Nat Commun，2014，5：3611.doi：10.1038/ncomms4611.
［20］BICKERTON A S，ROBERTS R，FIELDING B A，et al.Preferential uptake of dietary fatty acids in adipose tissue and muscle in the postprandial period［J］.Diabetes，2007，56(1)：168-176.
［21］SANTOS A S，RODRIGUES M A，BESSA R J，et al.Understanding the equine cecum-colon ecosystem：current knowledge and future perspectives［J］.Animal，2011，5(1)：48-56.
［22］程光民，林雪彦，李福昌，等.瘤胃灌注乙丙酸不同摩尔比混合挥发性脂肪酸对奶山羊乳脂合成的影响［J］.畜牧兽医学报，2009，40(7)：1028-1036.
CHENG G M，LIN X Y，LI F C，et al.The influence of acetate and propionate molar ration in ruminally infused volatile fatty acid mixtures on milk fat synthesis in lactating goats［J］.Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica，2009，40(7)：1028-1036.(in Chinese)
［23］FORD E J，SIMMONS H A.Gluconeogenesis from caecal propionate in the horse［J］.Br J Nutr，1985，53(1)：55-60.
［24］WILLIAMS B A，VERSTEGEN M W，TAMMINGA S.Fermentation in the large intestine of single-stomached animals and its relationship to animal health［J］.Nutr Res Rev，2001，14(2)：207-228.
［25］FORSBERG N E，BALDWIN R L，SMITH N E.Roles of acetate and its interactions with glucose and lactate in cow mammary tissue［J］.J Dairy Sci，1984，67(10)：2247-2254.
［26］WOLEVER T M，SPADAFORA P，ESHUIS H.Interaction between colonic acetate and propionate in humans［J］.Am J Clin Nutr，1991，53(3)：681-687.

[1]	司丙文, 徐文财, 郭江鹏, 崔凯, 王淑艳, 屠焰, 刁其玉. 杂交构树青贮对杜寒杂交肉羊生产性能、血清指标及背最长肌脂肪酸组成的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(7): 1424-1432.
[2]	司丙文, 徐文财, 郭江鹏, 崔凯, 王淑艳, 屠焰, 刁其玉. 杂交构树青贮对杜寒杂交肉羊生产性能、血清指标及背最长肌脂肪酸组成的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(7): 1424-1432.
[3]	梁婷玉, 刘婷, 宫旭胤, 吴建平, 张瑞, 高良霜. 牛至精油对甘肃高山细毛羊肌肉脂肪酸组成及共轭亚油酸含量的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(6): 1208-1218.
[4]	梁婷玉, 刘婷, 宫旭胤, 吴建平, 张瑞, 高良霜. 牛至精油对甘肃高山细毛羊肌肉脂肪酸组成及共轭亚油酸含量的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(6): 1208-1218.
[5]	张秋旭, 张润厚, 史晓雪, 李刚, 高爱琴. 添加不同形式亚麻油对肉羊生产性能、肉品质、脂肪酸含量及脂代谢相关酶基因mRNA表达量的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(9): 1928-1939.
[6]	张秋旭, 张润厚, 史晓雪, 李刚, 高爱琴. 添加不同形式亚麻油对肉羊生产性能、肉品质、脂肪酸含量及脂代谢相关酶基因mRNA表达量的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(9): 1928-1939.
[7]	樊懿萱, 邓凯平, 澹台文静, 黄欣爱, 王锋, 陈明. 多不饱和脂肪酸日粮中添加酵母硒对湖羊脂肪酸组成和抗氧化的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(8): 1661-1673.
[8]	樊懿萱, 邓凯平, 澹台文静, 黄欣爱, 王锋, 陈明. 多不饱和脂肪酸日粮中添加酵母硒对湖羊脂肪酸组成和抗氧化的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(8): 1661-1673.
[9]	周海柱, 高云航, 徐博, 陶大鹏, 滕战伟, 娄玉杰. 日粮纤维水平对鹅盲肠细菌多样性的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(3): 565-571.
[10]	周海柱, 高云航, 徐博, 陶大鹏, 滕战伟, 娄玉杰. 日粮纤维水平对鹅盲肠细菌多样性的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(3): 565-571.
[11]	任昊, 李丽芳, 王彦美, 黄楠, 裴芳樱, 李嘉威, 孙耀贵, 段智变, 李宏全, 王文魁. 缺氧条件下巨噬细胞移动抑制因子对肉鸡心肌脂肪酸代谢的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(1): 195-202.
[12]	任昊, 李丽芳, 王彦美, 黄楠, 裴芳樱, 李嘉威, 孙耀贵, 段智变, 李宏全, 王文魁. 缺氧条件下巨噬细胞移动抑制因子对肉鸡心肌脂肪酸代谢的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(1): 195-202.
[13]	罗玉衡, 陈洪, 余冰, 何军, 黄志清, 毛湘冰, 郑萍, 虞洁, 罗钧秋, 陈代文. 短期或长期饲喂高水平豌豆纤维对猪盲肠微生物群落结构和代谢产物的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2017, 48(8): 1459-1467.
[14]	罗玉衡, 陈洪, 余冰, 何军, 黄志清, 毛湘冰, 郑萍, 虞洁, 罗钧秋, 陈代文. 短期或长期饲喂高水平豌豆纤维对猪盲肠微生物群落结构和代谢产物的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2017, 48(8): 1459-1467.
[15]	何婷, 邱凯, 张鑫, 王宇波, 尹靖东. 日粮中添加丁酸梭菌对猪氨基酸全肠道表观消化率及血脂组成的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2017, 48(7): 1241-1250.