畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 1133-1139.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2016.06.007

• 遗传繁育 • 上一篇    下一篇

母猪发情和产仔性能与环境温度变化相关性分析

李延森,沈祥星,李春梅*   

  1. (南京农业大学动物科技学院,南京 210095)
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-23 出版日期:2016-06-23 发布日期:2016-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 李春梅,教授, E-mail:chunmeili@njau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李延森(1985-),山东临沂人,博士,主要从事动物环境生理与营养研究,E-mail:liyansen@njau.edu.cn,Tel:025-84395971
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(31272485);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(KJQN201523)

Correlation Analysis between the Ambient Temperatures and Reproductive Performance of Sows

LI Yan-sen,SHEN Xiang-xing,LI Chun-mei*   

  1. (College of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)
  • Received:2015-12-23 Online:2016-06-23 Published:2016-06-20

摘要:

旨在研究2014年江苏盐城某猪场全年母猪发情和产仔性能变化与该地区环境温度之间相关性。收集江苏盐城某猪场母猪2014年的返情率、7 d发情率、胎均总仔数、胎均死胎数以及胎均断奶活仔数,猪场所在地日最高温、日最低温、日最高温均值、日最低温均值、日最高温≥30 ℃天数、日最低温≤10 ℃天数,并统计其在全年不同分娩月份平均值及其与环境温度参数之间的相关性。结果表明,7月份日最高温均值和日最低温均值,达到峰值,分别为30.3和23.0 ℃,日最高温度≥30 ℃天数达到19 d;与全年平均值相比,10月份返情率最高(P<0.05),9月份7 d发情率最低,7月份胎均总仔数和胎均断奶活仔数最低(P<0.05),7月份胎均死胎数最高(P<0.05);日最高温均值和日最高温≥30 ℃天数都分别与胎均总仔数和胎均断奶存活数呈显著负相关,与胎均死胎数呈显著正相关,并且日最高温均值与7 d发情率呈显著负相关。综上表明,母猪发情和产仔性能降低主要发生在夏季,这可能是由于夏季高温及其持续时间较长,干扰了母猪生殖分泌以及受精卵和胚胎发育过程造成的。

关键词: 温度, 发情率, 返情率, 产仔数, 母猪

Abstract:

The present study was conducted to investigate the correlation between environmental temperatures and the parameters of reproductive performance for the entire year of 2014 in Yancheng City of Jiangsu Province.The performance of sows in a large-scale pig farm in Yancheng City of Jiangsu Province was analyzed including the litter size (LS),number of dead fetuses (NDF),number of weaning piglets (NWP),weaning-to-estrus rate within 7 d (WER7d),and return-to-estrus rate (RER).The environmental temperature parameters were recorded including the daily highest temperature (DHT),daily lowest temperature (DLT),average values of DHT per month (ADHT),average values of DLT per month (ADLT),total number of days with DHT greater than or equal to 30 ℃ per month (TNDHT30),total number of days with DLT less than or equal to 10 ℃ per month (TNDLT10).The results showed that,the TNDHT30,ADHT and ADLT parameters all attained the peak values (19 d,30.3 ℃,and 23.0 ℃,respectively) in July.Compared to the average levels for the whole year,the values were highest for the RER of October and the NDF of July (P<0.05).In addition,the parameters of the WER7d of September,LS of July,and NWP of July were decreased to the lowest levels (P<0.05).The correlations between the ADHT and the TNB,NWP,NDF and WER7d parameters were significant.Furthermore,there were significant correlations between the TNDHT30 and the LS,NWP and NDF parameters.In conclusion,the seasonal infertility rate might be attributable to the negative impact of the high ambient temperature and the increased exposure time on the reproductive endocrinology,oosperm growth,and the fetal development in sows during summer.

Key words: temperature, estrus rate, return-to-estrus rate, litter size, sow

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