不同海拔条件下牦牛颈动脉体组织微细结构的比较研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2016.03.029

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在揭示牦牛在不同程度低氧下颈动脉体的结构特征。本研究采用组织学、免疫组织化学方法和透射电子显微镜技术，对青海省不同海拔的成年健康牦牛颈动脉体的形态结构进行观察，并运用显微体视学方法比较Ⅰ型细胞(明细胞、暗细胞)、Ⅱ型细胞和血管的体密度（Vv）、面密度（Sv）、面数密度（N_A）、比表面（δ）。结果表明，牦牛颈动脉体中明细胞数量多、暗细胞较少，胞质含大量线粒体和特有的电子致密核心囊泡，随着海拔升高，线粒体和EDCV的大小和数量无明显变化；Ⅱ型细胞分布于Ⅰ型细胞的周围，细胞小而少。间质中分布有丰富的毛细血管，管腔随海拔升高逐渐变大。明细胞的Sv、N_A随着海拔的升高逐渐增大，各海拔组之间差异显著；暗细胞的Vv、Sv和N_A随着海拔的升高逐渐增大，海拔4 600 m与2 800 m组间差异均显著；Ⅱ型细胞的Sv、N_A随着海拔的升高逐渐增大，海拔4 600 m组与其它两组间（海拔2 800 m组和3 800 m组）差异均显著；颈动脉体微血管的Sv、δ随着海拔的升高逐渐减小，且Sv在海拔4 600 m与2 800 m组之间差异显著，δ各组之间差异均显著。综上表明，随着海拔升高，牦牛颈动脉体Ⅰ型细胞和Ⅱ型细胞数量明显增多、微血管明显扩张。

关键词: 结构, 体视学, 颈动脉体, 牦牛, 不同海拔

Abstract:

To reveal the morphological structure characteristics of carotid body of Yak in different hypoxia.In this study,the morphological structures of carotid body observed by histologial，immunohistochemical methods and electron transmission microscopy techniques in health adult yaks at different altidudes in Qinghai Province，and the volume density(Vv)，surface density(Sv)，numerical density on area(N_A) and specific surface(δ) of type Ⅰ cells(light and dark)，type Ⅱ cells and microvessels in carotid body of yaks at different altitudes were compared by light microscope and microstereology.The results showed that there were many more light cells than dark cells.The type I cells contain mitochondria and electron dense-cored vesicles in their cytoplasm，in size and number of mitochondria and electron dense-cored vesicles，no significant differences between 2 of the groups were found with height of sea level.The type Ⅱ cells surrounding type Ⅰ cells were small and little.There were rich capillaries in mesenchyme，increasing diameter of the inner lumen of the capillaries with the elevation increasing.The numerical density on area and surface density of light cells were increased with height of sea level，and there were the significant difference between any 2 of the groups.The volume density，surface density and numerical density on area of dark cells gradually increased with altitude，there was the significant difference between altitude 4 600 m and altitude 2 800 m.The surface density and numerical density on area of type Ⅱ cells gradually increased with the elevation rise，and there were the significant difference between 4 600 m and 2 800 m，3 800 m respectively.The surface density and specific surface of microvessels decreased with altitude.In surface density，there was significantly different between altitude 4 600 m and 2 800 m，in specific surface，there were significant difference between any 2 of the groups.The results suggested that these type Ⅰ cells and type Ⅱ cells increased markedly in number，and the microvessels lumina dilated obviously with height of sea level.

Key words: structure, microstereology, carotid body, yak, different altitude

中图分类号:

S852.16

张寿，常兰，雷乃虎，马艳芳，沈明华. 不同海拔条件下牦牛颈动脉体组织微细结构的比较研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2016, 47(3): 630-636.

ZHANG Shou，CHANG Lan1，LEI Nai-hu，MA Yan-fang，SHEN Ming-hua. Morphological Observation and Stereologic Study on Carotid Body of Yaks at Different Altitudes[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2016, 47(3): 630-636.

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