Abstract: 16 random primers with sufficient polymorphism and reproducible patterns were selected to amplify the blood DNA from 96 adult Sichuan black goat at age of 1.5 to 2 years old.170 polymorphic RAPD bands were produced with the 16 primers. These bands were recorded in the form of 1 (presence of band) and 0 (absence of band). To a specific marker, the individuals with different polymorphic bands are treated as different samples. The difference of the average for quantitative traits of the two samples were compared with Independent-samples T Test by using SPSS software. Molecular markers having true correlation with traits were selected according to the distribution of the individual phenotypic value of two independent samples. The results showed that 5 molecular markers in the black goat population were related to different phenotypic traits. It is suggested that this marker may have linkage relationship with the quantitative trait loci or the major gene controlling this trait.