畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (9): 4129-4142.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.09.001

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

动物的性别决定基因及其甲基化调控的研究进展

林晓, 李瑞杰, 刘龙, 耿拓宇*, 龚道清*   

  1. 扬州大学动物科学与技术学院, 扬州 225009
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-01 发布日期:2025-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 耿拓宇,主要从事动物遗传育种与繁育研究;E-mail:tygeng@yzu.edu.cn;龚道清,主要从事动物遗传育种与繁育研究;E-mail:yzgong@163.com
  • 作者简介:林晓(1997-),女,山东济宁人,博士,主要从事动物遗传与繁殖研究,E-mail:1069905738@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省种业振兴“揭榜挂帅”项目(JBGS〔2021〕105;JBGS〔2021〕027)

Research Progress on Sex Determining Genes and Their Methylation Regulation in Animals

LIN Xiao, LI Ruijie, LIU Long, GENG Tuoyu*, GONG Daoqing*   

  1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
  • Received:2024-11-01 Published:2025-09-30

摘要: 动物的性别决定(sex determination)是有性繁殖动物在性别发生分化后分别发育为雌性或雄性个体且出现形态和生理差异的现象。动物的性别决定分为环境型和遗传型。目前已查明一些基因在动物性别决定中扮演重要角色。动物的性别决定还与DNA的甲基化密不可分,比如哺乳动物X染色体的全域DNA甲基化。然而,DNA甲基化在不同物种性别决定中的作用却存在着显著的差异。本文对动物性别决定的影响因素和关键基因以及基因的DNA甲基化与不同物种性别决定的关联进行综述,为进一步研究动物性别决定机制提供有益参考。

关键词: DNA甲基化, 性别决定, 动物, 差异表达基因, 表观遗传调控

Abstract: Sex determination in the sexually reproducing animals refers to the phenomenon in which the animals develop into female or male individuals and exhibit morphological and physiological differences after gender differentiation. Sex determination in animals is divided into environmental and genetic types. Currently, it has been identified that some genes play important roles in animal sex determination. The sex determination of animals is also closely related to DNA methylation, such as the global DNA methylation of mammalian X chromosome. However, the role of DNA methylation in sex determination varies significantly among different animal species. This article reviews the influencing factors and key genes of animal sex determination, as well as the association between DNA methylation of genes and sex determination in different species, which provides useful references for further research on the mechanism of animal sex determination.

Key words: DNA methylation, sex determination, animal, differentially expressed genes, epigenetic regulation

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