牦牛肾集合系统解剖结构的铸型分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2020.10.027

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在探讨牦牛（Bos grunniens）肾集合系统的解剖结构。运用丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（acrylonitrile butadiene styrene，ABS）铸型技术，制作24个牦牛肾集合系统标本，通过观察标本，记录肾集合系统的解剖特点。结果显示：肾盂在所有标本中都存在，根据输尿管近端有无扩张分为两种类型：扩张型肾盂和未扩张型肾盂，后者更多见（58.3%）。集合系统中有前、后两个肾大盏，肾小盏通过漏斗状结构与肾大盏相连，一个漏斗状结构连接1～5个肾小盏。牦牛肾集合系统前后区域肾小盏数量差异显著（P<0.01），其中，后部肾小盏数量比前部多。根据肾前后区域和中间区域尿液收集引流特点，将牦牛肾集合系统分为两种类型：A型和B型。肾中间区域肾实质尿液的收集和引流依赖前、后肾盏组的为A型，独立于前、后肾盏组的为B型，在牦牛中，A型是常见类型，占70.8%，其次是B型，占29.2%。牦牛肾集合系统由1个肾盂、2个肾大盏和多个（11～21）肾小盏构成，根据尿液引流特点分为A、B两种类型，其中A型较常见。

关键词: 牦牛, 肾集合系统, 铸型

Abstract: This work aims to study the anatomical structure of the yak kidney collection system. Twenty-four collecting system casting specimens, which were made by ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), were observed to study its anatomical structure. The results showed that the renal pelvis was present in all casts and is classified into 2 types, dilated or nondilated (58.3%), with or without the dilated origin of the ureter. All casts had 2 major renal calyces toward the cranial and the caudal poles. Minor renal calyces were connected to the major renal calyces by an infundibulum, which drained 1 to 5 minor renal calyces. The number of minor renal calyces in the caudal region was significantly more than that in cranial (P<0.01). The yak kidney collection system was classified into 2 types according to the character of drainage. The type A, which was composed of the collection system that presented two major caliceal groups and mid-zone drainage was dependent on these major groups, and type B, which mid-zone drainage was independent of the polar caliceal groups, the type A (70.8%) was more common than type B (29.2%) in the yak. The collection system of yak kidney was composed of 1 renal pelvis, 2 major renal calyces, and multiple (11-21) minor renal calyces. According to the characteristics of drainage, it was divided into 2 types, A and B, of which type A is more common.

Key words: yak, renal collection system, cast

中图分类号:

S852.13

王亚丽, 崔燕, 王继. 牦牛肾集合系统解剖结构的铸型分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2020, 51(10): 2584-2589.

WANG Yali, CUI Yan, WANG Ji. Analysis of Casts of the Kidney Collection System Anatomical Structure in the Yak[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(10): 2584-2589.

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