人工负离子对鸡舍空气环境净化作用研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2017.08.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

现代集约化、规模化畜牧生产存在舍内空气质量恶化问题，粉尘、有害气体及微生物蓄积，进而影响畜、禽健康和生产。笔者在舍内加装人工负离子发生装置，研究空气负离子对鸡舍中需氧菌总数、粉尘含量和氨气浓度的影响，探讨其在鸡舍空气净化中的应用。采用两栋完全相同的鸡舍，通过2个试验研究人工负离子对鸡舍空气环境的改善效果及有效作用时间。试验1，加装人工负离子发生装置鸡舍为试验组，无负离子发生装置鸡舍为对照组，在不同时间点采样测定；试验2，分别设置不同负离子发生功率，在负离子发生前、发生时及发生后不同时间采样测定。结果表明，在该试验条件下，人工负离子能显著降低鸡舍内需氧菌总数和粉尘含量（P<0.05），而且具有明显的时间效应（P<0.05），0.5 μm以下粉尘含量不受负离子处理时间的影响（P>0.05），1.0 μm及以上粉尘含量随处理时间的延长明显降低（P<0.01），空气负离子对鸡舍内氨气含量没有显著影响（P>0.05）；相对于低发生功率（32 W），43 W发生功率下空气负离子对鸡舍内粉尘和需氧菌清除效率更高，开启负离子发生装置30 min后，可保持鸡舍内需氧菌总数30 min和粉尘含量60 min内处于明显降低状态（P<0.05）。结果提示，空气负离子可用于改善鸡舍空气环境质量，有利于畜、禽健康生产。

Abstract:

Modern intensive, large-scale livestock and poultry breeding resulting in deterioration of indoor air quality of the animal house, leading to the accumulation of a large number of dust, harmful gases and micro-organisms, thereby affecting the animal health and production. In this study, negative ions were generated by artificial means to study their impact on the total number of aerobic bacteria, the content of dust and ammonia in poultry house, and to explore its application on purifying indoor air of poultry house. Using two identical poultry houses, two trials have been carried out to study the effect of negative ions on improving indoor air and the effective acting time in poultry house. In trial 1, air samples were collected at different time points from two poultry houses, one for experimental group with a negative ion generator in it, the other for control group with no negative ion generator, and the indexes mentioned above were measured. In trial 2, different power of negative ion generator was applied in the poultry house, and air samples were collected and measured before, running and after the application of negative ion generator. The results showed that the negative anions can significantly reduce the impact of the total number of aerobic bacteria and dust content in the house (P<0.05), but also has a significant effect with time (P<0.05). The content of dust with a particle size less 0.5 μm wasn't significantly affected by time (P>0.05),but the content of dust with a particle size of 1.0 μm or higher was significantly lower with prolonging of treatment time (P<0.01). The negative anions has no significant effect on the ammonia concentration in poultry house (P>0.05). And the negative ions that generated with higher power have greater efficiency to clean the dust and aerobic bacteria. With working of the anion generator after 30 min, the total number of aerobic bacteria and dust content in the house can be maintained significantly lower within 30 min and 60 min, respectively (P<0.05). The results suggest that negative ions can be used to improve the air quality of animal house and protect the health of livestock and poultry.

中图分类号:

S815.9

焦洪超, 孙利, 崔灿, 侯学超, 林海. 人工负离子对鸡舍空气环境净化作用研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2017, 48(8): 1543-1550.

JIAO Hong-chao, SUN Li, CUI Can, HOU Xue-chao, LIN Hai. Effects of Artificial Anion on Purificating Indoor Air of Poultry House[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2017, 48(8): 1543-1550.

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