Abstract: The study aimed to establish the primary culture system of Laiwu Black pig preadipocyte for better studying the properties of hyperplasia of Laiwu Black pig adipose tissue. Preadipocytes were isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue of 1 day piglet by the combination of collagenase and trypsin digestion and were successfully cultured. The induction and differentiation of preadipocytes were studied, the expression of the important transcription factor PPARγ in the process of preadipocytes differentiation were detected. The result showed that the isolated cells started adherence at 8 h after initiation of primary culture and displayed short spindle or irregular triangle. On 3rd day, the cells entered logarithmic growth phase, displayed fibroblast-like, and the cells growth showed ‘S’ shape; the induction result showed that fat droplets occurred in small amount of cells on 2nd day, in large amount on 3rd day, those small fat droplets gradually converged into big ones from 7th to 8th day, and on the 12th day become to one big fat droplets, the adipocytes showed jacinth by oil red O staining; the PPARγ mRNA levels gradually increased during the process of the preadipocytes differentiation, and reached the top at 48 h after induced differentiation culture, then the PPARγ mRNA levels gradually decreased. The Laiwu Black pig primary culture system and the model of the induced differentiation in vitro were established successfully. This study laid the basis for further researching Laiwu Black pig adipocyte proliferation, differentiation and porcine fat deposition.