Abstract: The genomes of seven goat populations were screened by using microsatellites as molecular markers, including Yichang White goat ,Matou goat, Xiangdong Black goat ,Fuqing goat ,Daiyun goat ,Huanghuai goat and Yangtse River Delta White goat .A total of 23 microsatellite markers were used and genetic diversity and genetic distance were also determined .The results showed that only 21 loci showed polymorphism in all population in 23 loci .Alleles were homozygotic in each population in BM0203, but there was genetic diversity among populations. Alleles were homozygotic in Xiangdong Black goat and Yichang White goat in BM6444 ,but more than one allele was detected in other populations. Average heterozygosity of all populations was 0.819 0 ,and the mean polymorphism information content (PIC) of all seven populations was 0.630 5~0.691 9 .A UPGMA dendrogram was constructed based on Nei’s standard genetic distance . Matou goat and Xiangdong Black goat were grouped at first, then Fuqing goat, Daiyun goat, Yangtse River Delta White goat, Hunghuai goat joined them respectively, Finally, Yichang White goat clusted with all above.