Abstract: PCR-SSCP technique was used to analyze the polymorphisms at the exon 2 of the HFABP gene in 262 yearling Shanbei White Cashmere goats to further investigate the correlation between polymorphism and growth and carcass traits. The results showed that there was one mutation (G to C) at this gene locus with the gene frequency of the population in HardyWeinberg disequilibrium. The backfat thickness of AB genotype of H-PFBP gene was significantly different from that of AA and BB (P < 0.05), significant difference was found between the genotypes of AA and BB for the backfat thickness (P < 0.01); there was a significant difference between the genotypes of AB and BB for the heart girth and circumference of cannon (P < 0.05) as well as between the genotypes of AA and BB for the loin eye area, the significant differences between genotypes were not noted for other traits. Moreover, the values of birth weight, loin eye area, backfat thickness and other 3 traits ranked as AA>AB>BB, the values of body height, heart girth and circumference of cannon ranked as AB>AA>BB, which indicated that HFABP gene may be a candidate gene for the selection of growth and carcass traits in Shanbei White Cashmere goats and a possible molecular marker for meat performance of cashmere goat.