Abstract: The purpose of this study was to detect the genetic variation of the porcine developmental pluripotency associated 5(Dppa5) gene and its relationship with reproductive traits in swine. The nucleotide sequence was determined by pooled genomic DNA sequencing approach to identify polymorphic sites. These sites were genotyping by PCRRFLP, and then their genetic effects on reproductive traits in Large White pigs and Beijing Black pigs were analyzed. The results were follows: (1) Two singlenucleotide polymorphisms sites (g.363 T>C and g.844 G>T) in exons were detected. (2) The 2 sites displayed polymorphism in 2 pig populations. (3) The association analysis showed that both the g.363 T>C site and g.844 G>T site had significant effects on litter weight at birth in later parities, but the difference of total number born and number born alive among different genotypes was not significant. These results indicate that Dppa5 gene could be regarded as a candidate gene affecting reproductive traits in sows.