畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 912-917.doi:

• 兽医 • 上一篇    下一篇

鸡胚接种毒害艾美耳球虫Eimeria necatrix的免疫研究

蔡建平;谢明权;卞国志;翁亚彪;覃宗华;叶秀华   

  1. 1.广东省农业科学院兽医研究所,广州 510640;2.华南农业大学兽医学院,广州 510642
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2005-09-25 发布日期:2005-09-25

Immunization of Chicken by in ovo Vaccination of Eimeria necatrix Oocysts, Sporocysts or Sporozoites

CAI Jian-ping; XIE Ming-quan; BIAN Guo-zhi;WEN Ya-biao;QIN Zong-hua;YE Xiu-hua   

  1. 1.Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640;2.College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2005-09-25 Published:2005-09-25

摘要: 给15、17、19日胚龄的鸡胚经羊膜腔分别接种不同剂量的毒害艾美耳球虫Eimeria necatrix孢子化卵囊、孢子囊或子孢子,出雏后在无球虫环境中笼养,收集2~7日龄间全部粪便,以饱和盐水漂浮法检查卵囊的产生,并于17日龄时以1.2×10个/鸡的同源孢子化卵囊攻虫,以相对增重率(RWG)、病变计分减少率(RLS)、相对卵囊产量(ROP)评价免疫保护效果。结果表明,孢子化卵囊、孢子囊或子孢子经羊膜腔免疫接种后对鸡胚的孵化率无明显影响,所有接种组在出雏后2~7日龄间均能检获后代卵囊,攻虫后各免疫组的相对增重率由攻虫对照的38%~42.9%提高到73.2%~90.5%,病变计分减少率达50%~74.9%,相对卵囊产量为攻虫对照组的28.1%~60.2%,表明以一定剂量的E. necatrix孢子化卵囊、孢子囊或子孢子经羊膜腔免疫接种鸡胚,可诱导鸡在出雏后笼养条件下对同源艾美耳球虫的免疫保护力;比较不同剂量、不同胚龄的免疫效果,发现在试验设定条件下于17日胚龄接种8×104个子孢子/胚的效果最好。

Abstract: Immunity against chicken coccidiosis by in ovo vaccination of Eimeria necatrix in diffevent invasive stages was investigated. The fertile Lingnanhuang broiler eggs were injected through amniotic sac on day 15, 17 and 19 of incubation with oocysts, sporocysts or sporozoites of E.necatrix, respectively. Vaccination doses were in the range of 3×103~1×104 oocysts, 4×103~4×104 sporocysts, or 8×103~8×104 sporozoites per egg. Hatching rates were generally unaffected by vaccination. The hatched chicks were reared in wire-cages and shed oocysts during day 2~7 posthatch for chickens vaccinated with sporozoites and at 7 d posthatch for chicks injected using oocysts or sporocysts. At 17 d, the vaccinated chickens were challenged with 1.2×105 sporolated oocysts of E.necatrix. The immunity against E.necatrix by in ovo vaccination were evaluated through relative weight gain(RWG), reduction of lesion score(RSL), and relative oocyst production(ROP). The chickens vaccinated in ovo with parasite stages had significantly reduced oocysts output(ROPs were in range of 28.1%~60.2%) and lesion score(ranged in 50%~74.9%), and with significant increase in RWG(reached to 73.2%~90.5%) compared to their nonimmunized counterparts. These results implies that vaccination in ovo of E.necatrix invasive stages could induce sufficient immunity against the homologous challenge.