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Table of Content

25 October 2006, Volume 37 Issue 10
遗传繁育
Analyzed of ELA-DQA*exon2 Polymorphism of Different Horse Breed
MANG Lai;LI Jin-lian;SUN Yu-jiang;SHI You-fei;MENG Qing-long
2006, 37(10):  951-955.  doi:
Abstract ( 793 )   PDF (502KB) ( 757 )  
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ELA-DQA*exon2 locus was used to detect 300 horses of 7 breeds. The PCR amplified products of the loci were detected by 12 percent non-denatured polyacry lamide gel electrophoresis and showing in silver staining protocol. The results showed that 27 genotypes were detected in 300 horses: 10 homozygotes and 17 heterozygotes; The values of He and PIC represent highest polymorphism; Kimura 2parameter genentic distances between 10 alleles were from 0.015 to 0.147 and accorded Z-test(dN>dS)by sequense analysis. So horses had abundant polymorphism in ELA-DQA*exon2 locus.
PCR-SSCP Analysis on Prolactin Receptor Gene in Sheep
MU Yu-lian;CHU Ming-xing;SUN Shao-hua;FANG Li;YE Su-cheng
2006, 37(10):  956-960.  doi:
Abstract ( 748 )   PDF (517KB) ( 694 )  
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The polymorphisms of prolactin receptor (PRLR) gene in four sheep populations (Small Tailed Han, Suffolk, Dorset, F1 of Dorset ♂ crossed with Small Tailed Han ♀) were analyzed by PCR-SSCP. The results indicated that there were three genotypes (AA, AB and BB) detected by three primer pairs. For primer 1, AA genotype was detected in four sheep populations, AB genotype was detected in Small Tailed Han, Suffolk and Dorset sheep, BB genotype was only detected in Dorset sheep. For primer 2, both AA and AB genotypes were detected in four sheep populations, BB genotype was not detected in Suffolk sheep. For primer 3, three genotypes (AA, AB and BB) were detected in four sheep populations. For three primer pairs, frequency of allele A was obviously higher than frequency of allele B in four sheep populations.
Study on Growth Traits of Local Goat Breeds Using Microsatellite Loci as Genetic Markers
WANG Jian-min;SUN Yun-dong;LI Hong-bin;WANG Gui-zhi;SHANG You-guo;GUAN Wei-jun;MA Yue-hui
2006, 37(10):  961-966.  doi:
Abstract ( 1233 )   PDF (583KB) ( 600 )  
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Ten polymorphic microsatellite loci among 4 local goat breeds (Laoshan dairy goat, Jining grey goat, Lubei white goat and Laiwu black goat) in China were used to analyse the relating effect between their alleles and growth traits, by using general linear model (GLM) and microsatellite analysis technique. The results showed that, compared with the breed, sex and age factors, microsatellite marker factor had less effect on body weight and body size traits, however, BM6404, BM1818, BM812 and BM6444 affected body weight significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and BM6404,BM1818,BMS12484,MAF70 had significant effect on main body size traits(P<0.05 or P<0.01). We also found that,allele 130 of BM6404 had positive effect on heart girth, height at withers and thurl width, allele 120 had negative effect on heart girth, and positive effect on height at withers and rump length; allele 168 had negative effect on rump length and thurl width. For MAF70, allele 142 had positive effect and allele 178 had negative effect on body length respectively. For BMS1248, allele 128 had positive effect on circumference of cannon bone.
Genetic Polymorphism and Application in Evolution Analysis of the Epithelial MUC1 in Milk Samples from Goat
ZHENG Yu-cai;WANG -Jie;BAI Wen-lin
2006, 37(10):  967-971.  doi:
Abstract ( 720 )   PDF (622KB) ( 573 )  
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Genetic polymorphisms of milk epithelial mucin, MUC1, were assayed in five local goat breeds of Sichuan Province and Boer goat. Goat milk MUC1 exhibited rich genetic polymorphisms. A total of 22 genotypes and eight alleles of MUC1 were revealed in the goat breeds tested. Molecular weight of goat milk MUC1 was in the range of 205 ku to 278 ku, which were obviously higher than that of bovine. Alleles, genotypes and genotype distribution of MUC1 differed among the goat breeds. The gene heterozygosity and genetic variation of milk MUC1 was high in goats. Cluster analysis based on milk MUC1 polymorphism of the six goat breeds reflected their actual relationships.
The Study of Optimizing the Protocol of Somatic Nuclear Transfer on Goat
LIU Feng-jun;AN Zhi-xing;GAO Li-gong;ZHANG Yu-ling;ZHANG Jing-jing;HE Xiao-ning;ZHENG Yue-mao;ZHANG Yong
2006, 37(10):  972-976.  doi:
Abstract ( 1341 )   PDF (701KB) ( 620 )  
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Nuclear transfer was carried out with mammary epithelial cells, fetal fibroblasts and cumulusgranulosa cells by method of intracytoplast injection and electrofusion respectively. The influence of cell types, cell refrigeration and the methods of reconstruction of donor cells to developmental ability of cloned embryos were compared. The donor cells were treated with/without refrigeration, and were synchronized at G0/G1 stage by serum deprivation before nuclear transfer. Results: (1)The developmental ability of cloned embryos originated from mammary epithelial cells (blastocyst rate: 7.14%) was significantly lower than those from fetal fibroblasts (16.19%) and cumulusgranulosa cells(19.01%) (P<0.05). (2) There was no significant difference among three kinds of cell (P>0.05) mentioned above in the influence of cell refrigeration on developmental ability of cloned embryos. (3) The rate of reconstruction with electrofusion(69.52%)(P<0.01)was significantly higher than that with intracytoplast injection (59.20%) to mammary epithelial cells. However, there was no significant difference between these two methods (P>0.05) for fetal fibroblasts. For cumulusgranulosa cells, the rate with intracytoplast injection (82.17%) was significantly higher than that with electrofusion(50.99%) (P<0.05), and the rate of forming blastula was a little higher than that with electrofusion, but not significantly different. Conclusions: Fetal fibroblasts and cumulusgranulosa cells were superior to sustain the developmental ability of cloned embryos. Cell refrigeration had no significant effect on the reconstruction of cloned embryos. Comparing the ways of reconstructing embryos, it was suggested that electrofusion was better for mammary epithelial cells,but intracytoplasm injection was better than electrofusion for cumulusgranulosa cells. Both methods were fit to fetal fibroblasts.
Isolation and Purification of Bovine Spermatogonial Stem Cells and General Properties in vitro
BI Cong-ming;ZHANG Shi-qiang;PENG Shu-ying;LI Ji-xia;ZHANG Yong
2006, 37(10):  977-981.  doi:
Abstract ( 773 )   PDF (813KB) ( 679 )  
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The germ cell suspension was obtained by twostep enzymatic digestion from 5monthold calves testes.Spermatogonia were isolated and purified using Percoll discontinue density gradient centrifugation.Cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum(FBS) at 37 ℃, in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2. Growth and morphologic changes of cells were observed. Results: seminiferous tubules of 5monthold calf testis were mainly composed of spermatogonia and Sertoli cells, 3.18×106 cells were available per 1.0 gram testis parenchyma. The purity of the spermatogonia was up to 69.27%. Spermatogonia mainly distributed in 27%-35% Percoll gradient. The bovine spermatogonial stem cells began to divide after 6-7days culture and clones were formed after 20 days. Conclusion: The spermatogonia obtained by twostep enzymatic digestion and Percoll discontinue density gradient centrifugation could satisfy the needs of survival and proliferation of bovine spermatogonia in vitro.
Apoptosis of Goose Granulosa Cells and Its Relationship between Reproductive Hormones
CHEN Xiu-ping;JIANG Xun-ping;DING Jia-tong
2006, 37(10):  982-986.  doi:
Abstract ( 708 )   PDF (838KB) ( 661 )  
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Ten layingeggyangzhougooses were sacrificed to obtain their follicles, from which granulosa cells were collected. After the granulosa cells were separated, they were fixed by 70% ethanol, and the apoptotic cell death was evaluated by flow cytometry. Meanwhile, the plasma samples were collected to evaluate the level of FSH,LH and E2 by RIA methods. The relationships between hormone contents and cell apoptosis rate were calculated. The results showed that: (1)Whether the follicle was healthy or atresic, the percentage of G1 phase of granulose cells was more than 90%, about 2%-6% granulosa cells were in G2 phase, and the percentage of S phase was the lowest; (2) The apoptosis rate of granulosa cells of atresia follicles was extremely significant higher than that of healthy follicles(P<0.01); (3) With the incensement of follicular diameter, the apoptosis rate of healthy follicles decreased correspondingly; (4) The level of FSH,E2 of healthy group were higher than that of apoptotic group, while the level of LH was on the other hand.
Effect of Different Level of Sex Steroids on the Proliferation of Endometrial Cells in vitro
SONG Yu-xuan;CAO Bin-yun;WANG Jian-gang;LI Sheng;CHENG Xue-ni;ZHU Guang-qin
2006, 37(10):  987-991.  doi:
Abstract ( 701 )   PDF (919KB) ( 518 )  
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To study the effect of different level of sex steroids on the proliferation and differentiation of endometrial cells, rabbit endometrial epithelial cells and stromal cells were isolated using centrifugation method. The different level and combination of progesterone (P4) and βestradiol (E2) were added in media, the proliferative capability of the cells in vitro was determined indirectly by MTT method. The specificity and homogeneity of the epithelial cells and stromal cell cultured in media containing sex steroids were determined by immunocytochemistry employing antibodies against cytokeratin and vimentin respectively. The results stated that high purity epithelial cells and stromal cells were isolated using centrifugation method. 100 nmol/L P4 in media can stimulate the proliferation of stroma cell, thus a combination of 100 nmol/L E2 and 10 nmol/L P4 in media can stimulate the proliferation of epithelial cell (P<0.05). Immunocytochemistry staining demonstrated that cytokeratin was positive in epithelial cells and vimentin was detectable in stromal cells. This study demonstrated that sex steroids can promote proliferation of endometrial cells in vitro and maintain its specificity and homogeneity.
动物营养
The Fermentable Characterization of Different Source Plant Cell Walls and Their Contribution to the Methane Emission in Ruminant Animals in vitro
ZHANG Yuan-qing;WEI Ji-an;MENG Qing-xiang
2006, 37(10):  992-998.  doi:
Abstract ( 1386 )   PDF (986KB) ( 570 )  
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The types and the quantities of monosaccharide consisted in the six different plant cell walls were determined by the ion chromatograph in this experiment. And the ruminal fermentable characterization and the relative contribution to the methane yield in ruminant animals were compared with the six different plant cell walls by incubating them with the ruminal fluid as the method of gas production (Menke and Steingass, 1988). The gas production in 72 h, the maximum gas production, the rate and the lag time of gas production differed greatly among different plant cell walls (P value were <0.000 1, <0.000 1, 0.007 3 and 0.000 2, respectively). The percentage of methane and the carbon dioxide in the gas compostion differed significantly (P<0.000 1). The activities of CMCase and Avicelase in the fermented fluid had no remarkable difference (P=0.531 6 and 0.506 3, respectively) but the xylanase activities were different greatly (P=0.017 9). The total volatile fatty acid, the molar percentage of each kind of volatile fatty acid except butyrate (P=0.468 0) were different significantly (P<0.055). It was concluded that the types and the quantities of monosaccharide consist in the six different plant cell walls and their ruminal fermentable characterization and the relative contribution to the methane yield in ruminant differed greatly.
Influence of Feeding Cysteamine on Main Digestive Enzymatic Activities of Small Intestine in Sheep
ZHANG Ying-jie;LIU Yue-qin;SUN Hong-xin
2006, 37(10):  999-1002.  doi:
Abstract ( 695 )   PDF (881KB) ( 572 )  
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The 48 healthy rams of Small Tailed Han sheep with approximate weight were divided into 4 groups. Every group was fed with the basal diet containing 0, 75, 150 and 22.5 mg cysteamine/kgBW respectively. The effects on activities of amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin in the digesta of small intestine were studied by the experiment with different levels of cysteamine in the diet of sheep. The results indicated that the activities of amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin in different parts(duodenum, jejunum and ileum) of the small intestine were not the same . The activities of the three digestive enzymes in jejunum were significantly higher than that in duodenum and ileum. With the content of cysteamine increased in the diet, the activities of amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin increased either, but when the content of cysteamine reached certain level(22.5 mg/kgBW), the activities of amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin decreased instead. Therefore, it is necessary for selecting proper content of cysteamine in diets of sheep.
Modeling Growth, Carcass and Feather Protein Deposition in Broiler Chickens
TIAN Ya-dong;CAI Hui-yi;LIU Guo-hua;CHEN Bao-jiang;KANG Xiang-tao
2006, 37(10):  1003-1008.  doi:
Abstract ( 732 )   PDF (995KB) ( 709 )  
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Two hundred and forty 1dayold Arbor Acres healthy broiler chickens were used to conduct feeding and comparative slaughter experiments for 42 days. Body weights and corresponding body compositions of chicks were measured at weekly intervals. Gompertz equation was adopted for modeling the growth cure of sexes. Correlations between the weights of carcass protein, feather protein and live body weight of birds at various times were described with different mathematic equations, respectively. The corresponding optimal models screened out were combined with growth curve equations, separately. Differential functions reflected relationships of body gain, carcass protein gain, feather protein gain change with age were established, which imply accurately the laws of growth and protein deposition in broiler chickens.
Comparative Study of the pH in Digestive Tract and Digestive Enzyme between Cock and Drake
FAN Hong-ping;HOU Shui-sheng;HUANG Wei;WANG Yong-sheng; WANG wen-wu;XIE Ming
2006, 37(10):  1009-1015.  doi:
Abstract ( 869 )   PDF (1007KB) ( 758 )  
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8 HyLine Brown cocks and 8 Peking drakes with the same weight and age (18 weeks) were slaughtered after fasting 8 h to compare the pH in digestive tract and digestive enzyme between cock and drake.The results showed that: (1) The pH value of crop, glandular and stomach gizzard content in drake were lower than those of cock (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but the jejunumileum and rectum content pH value of drake were higher than those of cock(P<0.05). (2) The relative activity and total of pepsin in stomach gizzard content of drake significantly higher than those of cock (P<0.01). The relative activity and total of trypsin in duodenum, jejunumileum and caecum content of drake were significantly higher than those of cock (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The relative activity of chymotrypsin in jejunumileum content of drake were significantly higher than those of cock (P<0.05). (3) The relative activity of lipase activities in pancreas tissue of drake was significantly higher than those of cock (P<0.05), and the total was also higher (P<0.01). (4) There was no orderliness for the differences of amylase and maltase activities in digestive tract content and digestive organ tissue between cock and drake, but the relative activities of cellulase in jejunumileum content of drake were significantly higher than those of cock (P<0.01), and in rectum content the total of cellulase was higher than those of cock (P<0.05).
预防兽医
Suicidal DNA Vaccine of Swine Vesicular Disease Virus Induces Immune Response in Guinea Pig
SUN Shi-qi;GUO Hui-chen;YIN Shuang-hui;FENG Xia;SHANG You-jun;DAI Xing-guo;LIU Zai-xin;LIU Xiang-tao;XIE Qing-ge
2006, 37(10):  1016-1020.  doi:
Abstract ( 810 )   PDF (1078KB) ( 655 )  
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The capsid protein gene, 1BCD, of swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) was amplified by RT-PCR using high fidelity DNA polymerase and cloned into alphavirus repliconbased plasmid, namely suicidal plasmid, pSCA1 The recombinant plasmid was checked by restriction enzyme analysis and nucleic acid sequencing, and right constructed plasmid was named pSCA/1BCD. Then the recombinant plasmid was transfected into BHK-21 cells by Lipofectamine PlusTM reagent. The capsid proteins of SVDV expressed in BHK-21 cells were confirmed by RT-PCR and indirect immunofluorescence test. Immunization of guinea pig with suicidal DNA vaccine, pSCA/1BCD induced SVDV specific antibody and proliferation of PMBC.
Protective Efficacy of Recombinant Subunit Vaccines against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in Mice
SHAO Mei-li;LIU Si-guo;WANG Chun-lai;WANG Yong;GONG Qiang;YIN Xun-nan;GUO She-ping;LIU Jian-dong;TONG Heng-min
2006, 37(10):  1021-1026.  doi:
Abstract ( 798 )   PDF (1122KB) ( 600 )  
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The study was focused on the comparison of protective efficacy between two recombinant subunit vaccines against serotype 1 and serotype 2 of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in mice, with one containing recombinant ApxⅠ , ApxⅡ , ApxⅢ and OMP(named Trial group Ⅰ) and the other containing recombinant ApxⅠ, ApxⅡ, ApxⅢ , ApxⅣ, OMP and Apfa(named Trial group Ⅱ). The BALB/c mice were vaccinated at days 0 , 14 and 28 subcutaneously, and then challenged with serotype 1 strain Shope 4074 and serotype 2 strain 1 536 intranasally at day 35 The protective efficacy was evaluated in terms of mortality, lung lesions, bacterial distribution of lung, then the relationship was evaluated between antibody level and protective efficacy. The results suggested that Trial group Ⅰ had a significantly higher antibody level against ApxI, ApxⅡ, ApxⅢ and OMP than that of other two groups (P<0.05). The protective efficacy against serotype 1 of Trial group Ⅰ (9/10) was obviously higher than that of Trial group Ⅱ (5/10)and Control group (0/8), and the protective efficacy against serotype 2 of that (no lung lesion) was obviously better than others( typical lung lesion).The bacterial clearance of lung in Trial group Ⅰ was efficacious than the other two groups. It was demonstrated that antibody level had a positive correlation to protective efficacy. So,Trial group Ⅰ could provide better crossing protection, which will provide a reference for the development of new vaccine.
Molecular Characterization of Footandmouth Disease Virus O/LZ
MA Ming-xiao;JIN Ning-yi;LI Chang;LIU Hui-juan;ZHENG Min;JIN Ming-lan;JIA Lei-li;ZHANG Lin;LU Hui-jun;SHEN Guo-shun;WANG Rui-lin;JIN Kuo-shi
2006, 37(10):  1027-1035.  doi:
Abstract ( 1534 )   PDF (1143KB) ( 527 )  
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The genome of FootandMouth disease virus (FMDV) O/LZ isolate was cloned by RT-PCR, and sequenced. The result showed that the genome of O/LZ isolate is 8 014nt in length, including partical 5′UTR and complete polyprotein coding region, and their nucleotide sequence are 1 042 nt and 6 969nt respectively. Comparison between O/LZ and other reference isolates indicates that O/LZ strain have a close evolutionary relationship with O/HNK/2002, O/ES/2001,O/CHP/TW/97,etc,O/LZ should be classified to Cathay topotype . Furthermore, comparison of deduced amino acid residues at the antigenic sites with PanAsia strain of FMDV serotype O ME-SA topotype shows there are obviously topotypical amino acid difference at Site 1 and Site 3, thus, suggesting the less antigenic relationships between these two topotype isolates.
Establishment of Recombinant dNcSRS2 Protein Based Indirect ELISA for Detection of Antibody against Neospora caninum and Its Application
LIU Jing;YU Jin-shu;LIU Qun;WANG Ming
2006, 37(10):  1036-1041.  doi:
Abstract ( 1235 )   PDF (1131KB) ( 549 )  
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The purified recombinant dNcSRS2 protein was used as coating antigen to establish an indirect ELISA for detecting antibody against Neospora caninum. Commercially available diagnostic kits (IFAT and two commercial ELISA kits) for N. caninum were chosed as the reference standard methods. The results showed that the ELISA method was highly sensitive, specific and reproducible. The agreements between the methods were above 92%. Dairy cattle sera (n=236) were tested for antibodies to N. caninum; out of which 22% reacted positively. This is the first use of recombinant protein establishing diagnostic method in China. The new ELISA using dNcSRS2 could be used for mass screening of the prevalence of N. caninum infection in diary cattle.
临床兽医
Effect of Sijunzi Decoction on the Expression of mRNA of VIP and SS of Beijing Duck with Spleen Deficiency
DONG Hong;LIU Feng-hua;MU Xiang;ZHANG Yong-dong;XU Jian-qin
2006, 37(10):  1042-1046.  doi:
Abstract ( 682 )   PDF (1188KB) ( 567 )  
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The object of this paper is to explore the mechanism of Sijunzi decoction on spleen deficiency(SD)models and the relationship between spleen deficiency syndrome and gastrointestinal hormones. Spleen deficiency model was established in Beijing ducks by injected Reserpine, the expression of mRNA of VIP and SS gene in proventriculus, duodenum and jejunum were measured by semiquantitative RT-PCR. Results indicated that the expression of mRNA of VIP gene in proventriculus of SD ducks were significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of control group while the expression of mRNA of SS gene were lower(P<0.01 in proventriculus; P<0.05 in duodenum; P<0.01 in jejunum) than that of the control group. After treated with Sijunzi decoction, the expression of VIP and SS gene of SD duck were closed to that of control. The data showed that spleen deficiency syndrome was closely related with the change of gastrointestinal hormones (VIP and SS). The regulation effect of Sijunzi decoction on VIP and SS might be one of the therapeutic mechanisms in curing spleen deficiency syndrome.
基础兽医
Reconstruct Chicken Major Histocompatibility Complex Ⅰ in vitro Using Splicing Overlap Extension PCR Method
LI Xin-sheng;YAN Ruo-qian;GAO Feng-shan;FANG Qin-mei;HAO Hui-fang;LI Yun-gang;CHEN Hong-ying;XIA Chun
2006, 37(10):  1047-1052.  doi:
Abstract ( 768 )   PDF (1179KB) ( 532 )  
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To reconstruct a hybrid molecule composed of chicken major histocompatibility complex heavy chain(α chain) extracelular domains gene and β2microglobulin (β2m) mature protein gene in vitro, chicken MHC Ⅰ α chain extracellular domains gene and β2m mature protein gene were amplified by RT-PCR respectively. There are 15 neucleartides overlap between reverse primer of the first pair of primers for α chain extracellular domains gene and upper primer of the second pair of primers for β2m mature protein gene. Then, using MHC α Ⅰ chain extracellular gene PCR product and β2m mature peptide gene PCR product mixture as a template, we reconstructed soluble expression plasmid pMAL-p2X which contained major histocompatibility complex Ⅰ by linking MHCⅠ α chain extracellular domain gene and β2m mature protein gene through a 45 nucleotides linker. Electrophoresis analysis showed that the specific single sequence of the two target products could be amplified by RT-PCR, and the product of interest was accord with expectation. Sequencing result proved that expression reading frame of recombinant plasmid was composed of the expected MHC Ⅰ α chain extracellular domains sequence of interest and β2m mature protein gene target sequence, which linked by a limp linker, and there was no base malposition. In conclusion, splicing overlap extension by PCR is a convenient method to obtain recombinant chicken MHC Ⅰ in vitro.
Relation of Calcium Overload and Damnification by Eimeria tenella in Chickens
ZHENG Ming-xue;FAN Yun-feng;HAN Ke-guang;GU Shao-peng
2006, 37(10):  1053-1057.  doi:
Abstract ( 1295 )   PDF (1193KB) ( 731 )  
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In order to investigate the relationship between Ca2+ overload and the injury of host cell of E. tenella infected chicken, the amount and the distribution of calcium, Na+K+ATPase, Ca2+Mg2+ATPase, the total ATPase, PLA2, free fatty acid in caecum tissue as well as free Ca2+ in caecum epithelium were examined. The results showed that in the process of E. tenella infection, the content of calcium and Ca2+ increased obviously(P<0.01) with the severity of the disease. The activity of Na+K+ATPase,Ca2+Mg2+ATPase,the total ATPase in caecum tissue all decreased with the developing of the disease. In the serious phase of disease, the activity of these ATPases were significantly lower than that of the uninfected control group (P<0.01). Obviously elevated activity of PLA2 and the content of free fatty acid demonstrated that overloaded calcium played an important part in the injury mechanism. Nifedipine could block the Ca2+ internalization and decrease the Ca2+ level in host cell, therefore could ease the injury and provide certain protection, but only effective in the initial phase of disease while the damage was slight and its function declined later.
Development of the Gray Structure of Medulla Oblongata in Prenatal Goat
XU Yong-ping;ZHENG Yue-mao;ZHANG Yong
2006, 37(10):  1058-1062.  doi:
Abstract ( 665 )   PDF (1234KB) ( 610 )  
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The devalopment of medulla oblongata of prenatal goat was observed by HE method. The results were as follows: (1) It is the sixth week in the embryo of goat that the medulla oblongata was in the last stage of the histogenesis of never tissue and in the starting stage of the forming of gray nucleus. So it is the keystage of the development of those gray nucleus in medulla oblongata. (2) The increased number of ripe neurons showed that the variationnal rule of different neuron body are identical in the same gray nucleus in spite of the time of their morphological changes were inconsistent in different gray nucleus. In addition, the bigger difference in time of developmental change of neuron among different nucleus was adapt to their structural characteristics. (3) The forming time was incompletely consistency with the developing time of neurons in the medulla oblongata. Some structure occur early and the neurons emerge lately such as the inferior olivary complex, spinal nucleus of trigeminal never and nucleus of solitary tract. Some structure occur lately, and the neurons emerge earlier, such as the hypoglossal nucleus, nucleus ambiguous and reticular formation. Some structure occur early and the neurons also emerge early such as the dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve.
研究简报
Detection of CMs in Piglets’ Blood, Stomach and Jejunum Digesta and Determination of Their Opioid Activity
ZHANG Yuan-shu;ZONG Ya-feng;ZOU Si-xiang;CHEN Wei-hua
2006, 37(10):  1063-1066.  doi:
Abstract ( 753 )   PDF (1139KB) ( 627 )  
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24 male piglets were divided into 3 groups randomly: control group (weaning in 28 day’s old) , ExperimentalⅠgroup (feeding with 10 μmol/L β-CM-7 group) and ExperimentalⅡ group (casein hydrolysate group ). Experimental groups were weaned in 21 days and fed with casein hydrolysate and β-CM-7( 2 times every day, 10 mL every time ). On 32 days, 6 chosen piglets from each group were killed for determination of stomach , jejunum digesta and blood CMs.The result showed that there were β-CM-5 and β-CM -7 in stomach and jejunum digesta, average content of β-casomorphin-7 were 21.12±2.38, 23.58±7.49, 21.81±9.93 μg/g stomach digesta and 16.99±3.48, 19.08±2.85 and 21.36±4.85 μg/g jejunum digesta, respectively. The concentration of CMs in stomach was higher and two Experimental groups were more than control group. Compared with control group (normal weaning group), other two groups which fed with β-CM-7 or casein hydrolyates inhibited adenylate cyclase activity of NG108-15 hybrid tumor cell and decreased the intracellular level of cAMP. The ratio of the inhibitions were 27.9% and 89%, and were reversed 43.2% and 89.07% by naloxone. The results indicted that CMs were released by feeding β-CM or casein hydrolysate, and can enhance opioid activity in gutgastric tract of 21 days’ weaning piglets.
Development of Indirect Enzymelinked Immunosorbent Assay with Nucleoprotein as Antigen for Detecting Antibodies against Avian Influenza Virus
WU Ren-wei;HU Si-shun;XIAO Yun-cai;LI Zi-li;SHI De-shi;BI Ding-ren
2006, 37(10):  1067-1072.  doi:
Abstract ( 1161 )   PDF (1202KB) ( 694 )  
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Indirect enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting antibodies against avian influenza virus (AIV) was developed by using expressed full length nucleoprotein (NP) of H9N2 AIV in E.coli. 263 chicken serum samples (including 243 clinical serum samples and 20 positive serum samples from H9N2 AIV vaccinated chicks) were detected by NP-ELISA, agar gel precipitin test (AGP), and hemagglutination inhibition (HI). The results showed that the coincidence ratio between NP-ELISA and AGP or HI was 83.3% and 92% respectively. The specific assay suggested that NP-ELISA was able to detect H5,H7 and H9 subtype antibodies to AIV, and the serum samples which were confirmed positive by NP-ELISA could be blocked by positive chickenembryo allantoic fluid. The sensitive analysis demonstrated that NP-ELISA can detect specific antibody in the 7th day after AIV infection in chicks, and all sera were positive in the 10th day. However, serum samples were still negative at the 21st day post inoculation (PI) by AGP test, and HI tests began to detect low levels of antibodies at the 10th day PI. The sensitivity of NP-ELISA was 4-40 times higher than that of HI . The present study confirmed that the NP-ELISA was a rapid, sensitive, economic and specific method for typeserologically detection of AIV infection in chickens.
Screening and Identifying Mimotopes of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae RTX ToxinⅠ
HE Yu-long;ZHAO Na;WU Xiao-xiong;WANG An-hua;LONG Liang-qi;LIU Ping
2006, 37(10):  1073-1077.  doi:
Abstract ( 744 )   PDF (1172KB) ( 530 )  
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The specific serum IgG was purified through DEAE-sephadex-A50 low pressure chromatography system after rude purification. This IgG was used as target molecular to screen the phage display 12-mer random peptide library in different conditions for 4 rounds. By altering the condition of screening, the yield ratio increased from 1.44×10-6 to 8.9×10-5, and the P/N value increased gradually, which meant that specific enrichment had been achieved.5 phage clones were identified as positive by ELISA and they did not have cross reactions with irrespective antibodies. ssDNA of 5 positive clones were purified for DNA sequencing and the sequences of peptides displayed on the positive clones were analyzed. 4 continuous amino acid (RVDV) of 3 clones were identical, and they were homologous to the original peptide of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae RTX toxin Ⅰ.
Isolation and Identification of a Nonhaemagglutinating Strain of RHDV from China and Cloning and Sequence Analysis of VP60 Gene of the Strain
TIAN Lang;WANG Hong-ning;LI Jian-wen;LIAO Juan;ZHANG Xia-lan;ZHOU Wan-rong;WANG Hong-bin
2006, 37(10):  1078-1083.  doi:
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A variant strain of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus which was named “Yaan-1” was isolated and identified in China The virus lacked HA activity at 25,37 and 4 ℃,but gave positive results in agar diffusion reaction(ADR) and counter immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) The capsid protein(VP60)of Yaan1 strain was cloned by RT-PCR and sequenced VP60 gene of Yaan-1 was 1 740 nt in size and encoding 579 aa Alignment with other 14 sequences of RHDV isolates in the world showed that the homology were 90.0%-98.0% for nucleotide sequence,and 94.1%-99.0%for amino acid sequence respectively The results indicated that the sequence of VP60 gene of different RHDV isolates, including nonhaemagglutinating Yaan-1 strain, were highly homologous The hydrophilicity plot, flexible regions, antigenic index of VP60 protein of Yaan-1 strain, etc were also analyzed
Retrospect and Prospect about 50 Years’ Development of Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica
WEN Jie
2006, 37(10):  1084-1090.  doi:
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This paper was written for commemorating the start publication of Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinaca (Chinese Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, CJAVS) for 50 years. CJAVS is a publication of Chinese Association of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine (CAASVM), and is supervised by China Association for Science and Technology (CAST). As one of earliest academic journals in animal sciences and veterinary sciences, CJAVS experienced her development along with the scientific research in China, and became a main platform for academic intercommunion. Now, the journal is published monthly, and about 276 papers (the number of 2005) totaling 2570 000 characters were printed annually. The journal was elected as one of Chinese core journals and awarded several times by Beijing Municipal Bureau of Press and Publication, CAASVM, CAST, and so on. Though the achievements were excited, there were still gaps when compared with international famous journals. The author also discussed several approaches for CJAVS to compete with SCI journals, for example, bring brand consciousness, consciousness for the best, service consciousness, internationalization, network into the construction of CJAVS. We confirm that CJAVS will become first class international journal before long with the effort of leaders, scholars, readers and editors.