Goat liver cDNA library was constructed, and the DNAs of phage were isolated by plate lysate method. The UK114 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction , using two primers.and then were cloned into pGEM-T easy vector. Sequencing of the PCR-derived fragments showed that the UK114 cDNA consists of 1 017 bp. The 5′ non-coding region consists of 39 bp, the 3′ non-coding region consists of 567 bp, and its coding region is about 411 bp (40 nt450 nt), which can encode 137 amino acid (14.2ku). Compared this product with UK114 that Colombo reported, its 5′ non-coding region consists of 102 bp, and there are 9 bp identical. Their encoding region consists of 411 bp, and there is only one mutation nucleotide in coding region, and it is meaningless. The 3′ non-coding consists of 522 bp, the difference between them is that the UK114 of Colombo reported is the poly A tails and the UK114 is the different nucleotides. The homologous was 91%.There are 86 mutation nucleotides, and they are all meaningless. There is only one mutation nucleotide in coding region.

2 microsatellite markers OarAE101 and BM143 which were closely linked to the fecundity gene Fec^B in Booroola sheep were analysed for polymorphisms in Xiangdong black goat, Nanjiang brown goat, Guizhou black goat, Boer goat. The number of alleles for OarAE101 was 10, 8, 6 and 8 in 4 goat breeds.The number of alleles for BM143 was 10, 8, 6 and 8 in 4 goat breeds. The polymorphic information contents for OarAE101/BM143 in Xiangdong black goat, Nanjiang brown goat, Guizhou black goat, Boer goat were 0.874 2/0.805 2, 0.796 9/0.809 3, 0.756 4/0.746 2 and 0.796 4/0.734 0, respectively. Least squares means of the litter size for OarAE101 107 bp/111 bp was the best highest (4.0 number born /litter ), the least squares means of genotype 109 bp/109 bp , 107 bp/107 bp , 119 bp /119 bp , 111 bp/111 bp , 125 bp/125 bp for the litter size were higher, was 267, 25, 24, 233 and 225 number born /litter respectively, so the allele 107, 109, 111, 119 and 125 bp for the litter size in Xiangdong black goat had positive effects. Least squares mean of litter size for BM143 100bp/106bp and 106 bp /112 bp for the litter size were 3 number born /litter respectively , there were the positive effects among the allele 104, 106, 110 bp for the litter size of Xiangdong black goat.

Retinol binding protein 4（RBP4）gene was studied as a candidate gene on the prolificacy of Small Tailed Han sheep. The single nucleotide polymorphism of RBP4 gene in both high fecundity sheep breeds (Small Tailed Han sheep, Hu sheep) and low fecundity sheep breeds (Dorset sheep, Suffolk sheep) was analyzed by PCR-SSCP. There was PCR-SSCP polymorphism in four sheep breeds. BB genotype was only detected in high fecundity sheep breeds, AA genotype was only detected in Small Tailed Han sheep and Dorset sheep With decreasing fecundity in sheep, AB genotype frequency increased. The ewes with genotype BB had 0.52 (P＜0.05) and 0.67 (P＜0.05) lambs more than those with genotype AA and AB in Small Tailed Han sheep, respectively. These results showed that the studied loci of RBP4 gene had relationship with high fecundity of Small Tailed Han sheep.

Twenty five microsatellite markers,selected from poultry genome were used to study genetic diversity and four meat quality traits on F₂ generation obtained from the mating of Recessive White chicken with Xianju chicken.Effects of 6 loci on meat quality traits were analyzed with PROC GLM of SAS 9.0 statistical software.The results indicated that,the averages of allelic number,heterozygosity(H) and polymorphism information content (PIC) were 5,0.701 2 and 0.646 8, respectively.There were positive correlations between tenderness and pH values（P<0.05） and high positive correlations between tenderness and IMF（P<0.01）.On the other hand,the correlation between tenderness and water-losing rate was negative and of high values（P<0.01）.The effect of ADL136 on IMF and MCW264,ADL211 and MCW0223 on water-losing rate were hightly significant (P<0.01),while the effect of MCW0095 and ADL166 on tenderness and MCW264 on pH values was also significant（P<0.05）.No other significant effects on the four meat quality traits were obtained.

33 carcass traits and 7 feather-down traits of 123 Wanxi White goose×Sichuan White goose have been mensurated. By factor analysis, 12 common factors were distilled, which could explain 82.24% of the variance of 40 traits. The results showed that meat power factor, eviscerated yield percentage factor, and leg muscle percentage factor of 12 common factors indicated meat-yield capability which could explain 36.53% of the variance; fatty acid quality factor, fat power factor, and meat water loss factor structured meat quality explaining 18.34% of the variance; feather and down characteristic was composed of feather and down power factor, down quality factor, and down hydrophilicity factor explaining 15.75% of the variance; and feather type factor, heart function factor, and digestion factor made up of assistant ability explaining 11.61% of the variance.

Genome RNA was extracted from adipose of pig and fatty acid synthase (FAS) gene mRNA was amplified using RT-PCR.A DNA fragment about 206 bp in length was obtained and the PCR product was cloned into pGEM-T vector. The FAS gene was isolated and sequenced from the positive clones screened. Sequenced analysis suggested that this fragment was partial sequence of FAS cDNA. The gene homology of fragment obtained in this study compared with that of reported FAS cDNA（AY183428）in adipocytes of porcine was 100%. Based on the FAS gene clone, an optimal semi-quantitative RT-PCR method was successfully constructed. Using 18S rRNA as inner control, the developmental gene expression of FAS in abdominal adipose was studied. The results showed that FAS gene expression in abdominal adipose is increased from 1 day to 28 weeks, the difference between 1 day and 28 weeks is significant (P<0.05).

In order to investigate the in sacco dry matter（DM），starch degradability of toasted corns processed with different temperatures and times, 3 health Chinese Holstein lactating cows with permanent ruminal cannulas were selected as experimental animals fed with the diet of concentration forage ratio 55∶45. The result showed that the ruminal degradabilities of toasted corn DM and starch decreased significantly（P<0.05）. Especially the ruminal corn DM and starch degradabilities decreased gradually as the toasting temperature rose and toasting times prolonged respectively. Among all treated groups, the ruminal degradabilities of toasted corn starch for group treated with 140 ℃ 35 min were the lowest, decreased 15.26% compared to control group. The key factors affecting ruminal degradabilities of toasted corn starch were the rapid degrading fractions in toasted corn starch and the degradation rate.

Collection of digesta is the main factor influencing the representative of metabolizable energy content of feedstuffs estimated with in vitro method. In this paper, cannula continuously collecting jejunal digesta, and sample bottle which can cool digesta immediately were designed for duck. The result showed that digesta collection was more simple and convenient by this means.

The DNA fragments of mpb70, mpb83 and esat-6 were amplified by PCR from M. bovis Vallee genome DNA. Mpb70 and mpb83 were spliced by overlapping extension (SOE). Then the DNA fragments were inserted into the plasmid pET32a(+) and the recombinant plasmid pET70-83-E6 was accquired. The recombinant protein was expressed in the form of solution in pET70-83-E6 transformed BL21（DE3）induced by IPTG. Then the recombinant protein was purified by affinity chromatography. Western blot analysis shows that the protein could be recognized by sera from M. bovis infected bovines but not by sera from M.paratuberculosis infected bovines. The purified protein was used as diagnostic reagent and found to be useful for immunodiagnostic of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) by enzyme linked immunosorbent (ELISA). In field test, 46 out of 117 bovine sera (67 of them were positive in PPD skin test) were positive (39.32%). 82.05% (96/117) of them were consistent with PPD skin test.

A strain of avian paramyxovirus (GPMV-2/05) was isolated from goose in Guangdong province. Some infective characters of this strain, such as IVPI,ICPI and MDT, were determined. With virulent NDV F48E9 as control,the pathogenicity of GPMV-2/05 to geese of different ages （1,14,28 and 48 days old）was examined via oral, intranasal, intramuscular and hypodermic route of challenge,respectively. The results showed that the geese can not be infected by NDV F48E9, however both geese and chicken were susceptible to GPMV-2/05 strain. According to the immunity protection test, we found that GPMV-2/05 could be prevented by the immunity of the NDV vaccine, which were NDV Ⅰ vaccine,NDV Ⅳ vaccine and the virulent strain of NDV. On the basis of serological tests,electron microscopy,physiochemical properties and histopathological study, the virus was classified as a virulent avian paramyxovirus to goose.

A two-step dot immunogold filtration assay(T-DIGFA) was established to detect antibodies against schistosome in livestock. In this method, 1 μL lixivium from blood paper for examination was dotted on a nitrocellulose membrane(1.3 cm×1.3 cm) in a plastic box with a hole(Φ0.6 cm) on it’s face center, 50s～90 s later, 100 μL extract of schistosome egg labelled with colloidal gold were added on nitrocellulose membrane in the hole. If there were anti-schistosome antibodies in blood paper lixivium, a red mark would appear. If there were no anti-schistosome antibodies in the lixivium, no red mark could be seen.In this study 139 blood paper positive samples from cattle with schistosomiasis diagnosed by feces hatching miracidium method and 130 blood paper negative samples from cattle without schistosomiasis were detected with T-DIGFA, the results showed that schistosomiasis positive coincidence rate was 100% and negative coincidence rate was 99.2% compared with feces hatching miracidium method. The detected result was according to that using HRP-SPA-Dot-ELISA method completely. T-DIGFA could also detect the antibodies against schistosome in lixivium of blood paper from cattle and rabbits infected with schistosome cercaria artificially after 7 days (including 7 days) and from the cattle infected by one twain of schistosome naturally. There was no cross reaction with the antibodies of the Faciola hepatica, Trypanosoma evansi and ascariasis. The same 125 samples of blood paper were detected by five operators with five colloidal gold prepared on different time, respectively, no different results were found between operators or between various batches of colloidal gold. T-DIGFA reagent kit that were stored in 4-8 ℃ for 6 months or kept in room temperature for 3 months still kept valid. The tests verified that T-DIGFA method have high sensitivity, specificity and stability. It is suitable for fast diagnosis and general survey for schistosmiasis of animals.

Oocysts of C.meleagridis from quail were orally inoculated into Kunming mice and Gushi chickens to study endogenous development and pathogenicity respectively.The comparison of ultrastructure in endogenous development stages of C.meleagridis between chickens and mice was studied by scanning and transmission electron microscope.The parasitic site of C.meleagridis in mice was different from that in chickens. Cryptosporidia was detected in duodenum of mice but in ileum of chickens by scanning electron microscope.The pathogenicity of the C.meleagridis to mice and chickens is different too. Cryptosporidia was embedded deeply in microvillus of duodenum of mice, and microvilli were damaged slightly by the parasite,while cryptosporidia seemed to attach to mucous membrane of ileum in chickens,and microvilli desquamated seriously.It was concluded that C.meleagridis caused more serious damage in chickens than that in mice. Trophozoite,schizont,macrogamont,and sporulating oocyst were observed in mice and chickens by transmission electron microscope respectively,and the rough endoplasmic reticula were rich in trophozoite and schizont,particularly in middle development stage of schizogony. The depressed niche that parasites resided can be observed in the boundary between cryptosporidia and intestinal mucosa in mice by transmission electron microscope, but can’t be found in chickens.The denser and higher microvilli were discovered around the parasite than the others in mice by electron microscope.The reasons for the difference above between mice and chickens need further research. These should be new biologic characteristic of C.meleagridis.

In order to study hazard of Cryptosporidium isolated from pigs in China, pathogenicity of Cryptosporidium strain sucp in 5-day-old piglets was investigated using pathological tissuesection technique, scaning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope technique. The results suggested that piglets inoculated excreted watery diarrhea and debris of mucous membrane, then dehydrated. Prepatent was 3-5 days, duration of oocyst excretion was 33-43 days. The development stages of the parasite were detected in cecum, colon and rectum of piglets, goblet cell proliferated and inflammation cells infiltrated in these sites. Microvilli in colon and rectum were in atrophy, lodging and shelling. It was concluded that 5-day-old piglets were moderately affected by Cryptosporidium strain sucp.

The 4 and 8 repeats of CCK33 protein was displayed on phage T4 surface using phage T4 surface display system, and its immunogenicity also was studied. The 4 and 8 repeats of CCK-33 gene were recombined with a SOC gene deleted lysozyme-dependent phage ΦT4-Z1 to yield recombinant phage ΦT-4CCK and ΦT-8CCK. SDS-PAGE analysis result indicated that the recombinant CCK protein was displayed on the surface of phage T4 successfully and their molecular were about 30ku and 41ku, which further tested by Western-Blot demonstrating specific reaction with CCK antibody. The recombinant ΦT-4CCK and ΦT-8CCK were used as an antigen to prepare oilemulsion vaccines. After Hu-xu chicken were immunized with oil-emulsion vaccines, the concentration of anti-serum, the body weight and feed intake of treated group were improved compared with the control group, but the feed meat ratio was decreased. The result showed that the recombinant CCK protein being displayed on phage T4 had good immunogenicity.

A large group of commercial broilers that were raised according to AA feeding condition were divided into hypertension and ascites group(group S), hypertension group(group M) and control group(group C). The activities of iNOS and cNOS in lung and serum of boilers in group S, M and C were measured at the age of 21,28,35 and 42 days. AHI, WH/BW, mPAP and nitric oxide (NO) in serum were measured as well. Results were as follows: (1) From the age of 28 days, the WH/BW of group S and group M and the NO level in serum of group S were higher or significantly higher than that of group C（P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）; (2) The cNOS activity in lung of group S was lower or significantly lower than that of group C（P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）; (3) At 21,35 and 42 days old, the iNOS activity in lung of group S was higher or significantly higher than that of group C（P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）; (4) From the age of 28 days, the cNOS and iNOS activities in serum differed significantly or very significantly between group S and group C（P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）; (5) The iNOS activity was lower or significantly lower than cNOS activity in serum of group C at the age of 21,35 and 42 days（P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）. It was suggested that the changes of cNOS and iNOS activities play a role in the development of PHS.

30 healthy 180-day-old Jingbei 939 cocks were divided into two groups randomly, 15 cocks each.Every cock was fed with the same full-nutrition-proportioned feed in a respective cage. The control group was provided with tap water, while the experimental group was given tap water with 3 000 mg/L NaF. Experiment last for 70 days. On the 70th day, all the cocks were killed, and the ratio of testicle to weight were measured one by one. The testicle tissue was collected and observed by general pathology and ultramicropathology. The results showed that the high fluorine can sharply lower weight of testicle and body, and made serious damages to seminiferous tubule, spermatogenic cell and interstitial cell. This research proved that the high fluorine can hurt cock’s procreative function seriously.

BoLA-DRB3 is a member of the MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex), which plays a central role in immune system and disease resistance of bovine. The exon2 of BoLA-DRB3 gene is a mainly functional region, which codes the antigen and participates in the body’s immune response. In this study, the 307 bp fragment including the exon2 in Luxi , Qinchuan, Nanyang and Jinnan cattle was amplified by polymerase chain reaction, which was digested with restriction endonuclease MspⅠ. The results showed new allele was produced by the mutation of C to A at position 154 in exon2. Statistical results of χ² test indicated that genetic polymorphism sites of the exon2 of BoLA-DRB3 locus in Luxi cattle did not fit Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P<0.05).

Porcine H-FABP gene expression diversity was investigated in cardiac and skeletal muscles of DLY(Duroc×Landrance×Yorkshire) and Ya’nan pigs weighed 100 kg by using RT-PCR.To collect the samples ,five pigs were slaughtered in each genotype. The results indicated that H-FABP gene expressed both in porcine cardiac and skeletal muscles. The expression in cardiac muscle was more active than in skeletal muscle (P<0.01). However, it was identified that H-FABP gene expression in Ya’nan pig was a little higher than in DLY both in cardiac and skeletal muscles(P>0.05).

This experiment aimed to study the relationship between hypoxia and expression of c-fos,c-myc in broiler’s pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC). The expression of c-fos,c-myc were observed by in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry and image analysis methods. The results showed that hypoxia can significantly increase c-fos and c-myc mRNA expression(c-fos mRNA: 144.6±20.2 in normal oxygen group, 198.1±32.8 in hypoxia group，P<0.01; c-myc mRNA: 125.4±18.8 in normal oxygen group, 167.1±22.4 in hypoxia group，P<0.01).Hypoxia can significantly increase c-fos and c-myc protein expression(c-fos protein: 150.9±33.2 in normal oxygen group, 225.9±37.0 in hypoxia group; c-myc protein: 162.1±28.5 in normal oxygen group, 228.8±33.4 in hypoxia group, P<0.01).The results indicated that hypoxia play an important role in the PASMC proliferation. As pulmonary arterial remoulding were the main characters of ascites syndrome（AS）, so this experiment indicated that hypoxia is the important cause of AS.