饲粮非纤维性碳水化合物(NFC)与中性洗涤纤维(NDF)比例对育成期杜寒杂交母羊生长性能、营养物质消化率和甲烷产量的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2018.07.009

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (7): 1405-1415.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2018.07.009

饲粮非纤维性碳水化合物(NFC)与中性洗涤纤维(NDF)比例对育成期杜寒杂交母羊生长性能、营养物质消化率和甲烷产量的影响

周艳^1,3, 刁其玉^1*, 董利锋¹, 邓凯东², 许贵善³, 马涛¹

1. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室, 北京 100081;
2. 金陵科技学院动物科学与技术学院, 南京 210038;
3. 塔里木大学动物科学学院, 阿拉尔 843300

收稿日期:2017-11-30 出版日期:2018-07-23 发布日期:2018-07-19
通讯作者: 刁其玉,研究员,博士生导师,E-mail:diaoqiyu@caas.cn
作者简介:周艳(1991-),女,新疆伊犁人,硕士生,主要从事动物营养与饲料科学研究,E-mail:1141387117@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（41475126）；政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项（2016YFE0109000）

The Effect of Different Ratios of Dietary Non-fibrous Carbohydrate (NFC) to Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) on Production Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Methane Emissions of Dorper×Thin-tailed Han Crossbred Growing Ewes

ZHOU Yan^1,3, DIAO Qi-yu^1*, DONG Li-feng¹, DENG Kai-dong², XU Gui-shan³, MA Tao¹

1. Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 210038, China;
3. College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China

Received:2017-11-30 Online:2018-07-23 Published:2018-07-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在借助开路式循环呼吸测热系统研究饲粮不同非纤维性碳水化合物/中性洗涤纤维（NFC/NDF）比例对育成期（48~55 kg）杜寒杂交母羊生产性能、营养物质消化率及甲烷产量的影响。选用30只体重（48±0.50） kg的杜泊（♂）×小尾寒羊（♀））母羊，采用单因素试验设计，将试验动物随机分到饲粮NFC/NDF=0.78组（精粗比为35：65，自由采食）、NFC/NDF=1.03组（精粗比为50：50，限饲）和NFC/NDF=2.17组（精粗比为65：35，限饲）3个处理组中，每个处理组10只羊。试验期为32 d，包括17 d预试期和15 d正试期。试验分为自由采食组和限饲组两种饲养模式，各组的能量和粗蛋白质采食量均相同，以饲粮NFC/NDF为0.78自由采食组的平均日增重作为NFC/NDF为1.03组和2.17组的限饲标准。试验羊只定期晨饲前称重，记录每日采食量；在正试期内测定甲烷产量、饲粮能量和饲粮营养物质表观消化率。结果表明：1）限饲条件下饲粮NFC/NDF为2.17组的饲料转化效率显著高于自由采食条件下饲粮NFC/NDF为0.78组的饲粮转化效率（P<0.05），饲粮NFC/NDF为1.03组与另外两组皆无显著性差异（P>0.05）。2）当饲粮NFC/NDF比例由0.78增加至2.17时，3个处理组的干物质表观消化率、有机物表观消化率、总能表观消化率和总能代谢率皆显著提高（P<0.05），NFC/NDF=2.17组的粗蛋白质表观消化率显著高于NFC/NDF=0.78组（P<0.05），两组皆与NFC/NDF=1.03组无显著差异（P>0.05）。另外，随着饲粮NFC/NDF比例的增加，NFC/NDF=2.17组的NDF表观消化率显著高于NFC/NDF=0.78组和NFC/NDF=1.03组（P<0.05），后两组间无显著差异（P>0.05）。3） NFC/NDF=2.17组的甲烷日排放量为32.53 L·d^-1，显著低于NFC/NDF=0.78组的58.03 L·d^-1和NFC/NDF=1.03组的63.17 L·d^-1（P<0.05），后两组间的甲烷日排放量无显著差异（P >0.05），3组的单位代谢体重的甲烷日排放量具有相同的变化规律。随着饲粮NFC/NDF比例的增加，NFC/NDF=2.17组的单位干物质采食量的甲烷排放量、单位有机物采食量的甲烷排放量和单位可消化有机物的甲烷排放量皆显著低于NFC/NDF=1.03组（P<0.05），NFC/NDF=0.78组的以上指标与另外两组相比皆无显著差异（P>0.05）；单位总能摄入量的甲烷能排放量、单位消化能摄入量的甲烷能排放量、单位代谢能摄入量的甲烷能排放量具有相同的变化规律。NFC/NDF=1.03组的单位中性洗涤纤维采食量的甲烷排放量和单位可消化中性洗涤纤维采食量的甲烷排放量显著高于NFC/NDF=0.78组和NFC/NDF=2.17组（P<0.05），后两组间无显著差异（P>0.05）。另外，单位日增重的甲烷排放量和单位可消化酸性洗涤纤维的甲烷排放量在3个处理组之间无显著差异（P>0.05）。综合生长性能、饲粮各营养物质表观消化率、能量代谢及甲烷排放水平，对育成期（48~55 kg）杜寒杂交母羊限制饲喂NFC/NDF为2.17的饲粮是最佳的碳减排措施。

关键词: 甲烷, NFC/NDF, 生长性能, 营养物质消化率, 绵羊

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ratios of dietary non-fibrous carbohydrate to neutral detergent fiber(NFC/NDF) on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and methane(CH₄) production of Dorper×Thin-tailed Han crossbred ewes with 48.0-55 kg of body weight(BW). Thirty ewes with(48.0±0.5) kg BW were selected and divided into 3 treatments with 10 sheep in each treatment:NFC/NDF=0.78(concentrate/forage=35:65, ad libitum), NFC/NDF=1.03(concentrate/forage=50:50, feed restriction) and NFC/NDF=2.17(concentrate/forage=65:35, feed restriction). The trial lasted for 32 d, including a 17-d adaptation and a 15-d experimental period. The energy and crude protein intake were same in each treatment. The average daily weight gain of the treatment of NFC/NDF=0.78 was taken as the standard for the feed restriction of the treatment of NFC/NDF=1.03 and 2.17. The BW was measured before morning feed, and feed intake was recorded daily. The CH₄ production, dietary energy and nutrient digestibility were determined during experimental period. The results showed that:1)The feed conversion efficiency in the NFC/NDF=2.17 treatment was significantly higher than that in the NFC/NDF=0.78 treatment(P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed between NFC/NDF=1.03 treatment and other two treatments(P >0.05). 2) The apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, gross energy and metabolic rate of gross energy in NFC/NDF=2.17 treatment were the highest among the 3 treatments(P<0.05). The apparent digestibility of crude protein in NFC/NDF=2.17 treatment was higher than that in NFC/NDF=0.78 treatment(P<0.05), however, there was no significant difference between NFC/NDF=2.17 and NFC/NDF=1.03 treatments, or between NFC/NDF=0.78 and NFC/NDF=1.03 treatments(P>0.05). With the increase of ratio of dietary NFC/NDF, the apparent digestibility of NDF in NFC/NDF=2.17 treatment was the highest(P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed between NFC/NDF=0.78 and NFC/NDF=1.03 treatments(P>0.05). 3) The CH₄ emissions in NFC/NDF=2.17 treatment was 32.53 L·d^-1, which was significantly lower than that in NFC/NDF=0.78(58.03 L·d^-1) and NFC/NDF=1.03(63.17 L·d^-1) treatments(P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed between NFC/NDF=0.78 and NFC/NDF=1.03 treatments(P>0.05). The similar results were found in CH₄ emission as a proportion of metabolic weight in the 3 treatments. With the increase of dietary NFC/NDF, the CH₄ emission as a proportion of dry matter intake, organic matter intake and digestible organic matter intake in NFC/NDF=2.17 treatment was significantly lower than that in NFC/NDF=1.03 treatment(P<0.05), whereas no significant difference were observed between NFC/NDF=0.78 and other two treatments(P>0.05). The CH₄ emission as a proportion of gross energy intake, digestible energy intake, metabolic energy intake had the similar results. The CH₄ emission as a proportion of NDF intake and digestible NDF intake in NFC/NDF=1.03 treatment was significantly higher than that in the other two treatments(P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed between NFC/NDF=0.78 and NFC/NDF=2.17 treatments(P>0.05). The CH₄ emission as a proportion of average daily gain and digestible ADF intake were similar among the 3 treatments(P>0.05). According to the production performance, nutrient digestibility, energy utilization and CH₄ production, it will be recommended that NFC/NDF=2.17 under restriction feeding would achieve the best carbon-cutting results for Dorper×Thin-tailed Han crossbred ewes with 48-55 kg of BW.

Key words: methane, non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC)/neutral detergent fiber (NDF), production performance, nutrient digestibility, sheep

中图分类号:

S826.5

周艳, 刁其玉, 董利锋, 邓凯东, 许贵善, 马涛. 饲粮非纤维性碳水化合物(NFC)与中性洗涤纤维(NDF)比例对育成期杜寒杂交母羊生长性能、营养物质消化率和甲烷产量的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(7): 1405-1415.

ZHOU Yan, DIAO Qi-yu, DONG Li-feng, DENG Kai-dong, XU Gui-shan, MA Tao. The Effect of Different Ratios of Dietary Non-fibrous Carbohydrate (NFC) to Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) on Production Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Methane Emissions of Dorper×Thin-tailed Han Crossbred Growing Ewes[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2018, 49(7): 1405-1415.

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饲粮非纤维性碳水化合物(NFC)与中性洗涤纤维(NDF)比例对育成期杜寒杂交母羊生长性能、营养物质消化率和甲烷产量的影响

The Effect of Different Ratios of Dietary Non-fibrous Carbohydrate (NFC) to Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) on Production Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Methane Emissions of Dorper×Thin-tailed Han Crossbred Growing Ewes

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